Reddit reviews Human Variation: A Genetic Perspective on Diversity, Race, and Medicine
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Broadly speaking, there's no other answer the one /u/pulsus_mortuss_equus gives, hit the literature. I guess for someone with little to no background, I might suggest the top down approach of just going the table of contents at places like Annual Reviews Genetics or Nature Reviews Genetics for the past few years (but even here you're going to have to be selective, simply because the volume of the literature is so vast). Then just apply the strategy of working backwards into the literature cited in these reviews.
Another suggestion, perhaps to get started, might be a book like Aravinda Chakravarti's new edited collection Human Variation: A Genetic Perspective on Diversity, Race, and Medicine. I literally just got a copy in my hands about 15 minutes ago, and after reading bits and pieces of a few chapters, it seems to be targeted toward the non-expert scientists, which sounds like exactly what you're looking for.
You mention 1000 genome project and the like. There are a lot of large research consortia focused on a lot of different things. Other diversity studies besides 1000G include "HapMap" and the HGDP, while consortia such as GIANT are focused on using massive datasets to understand the genetics of complex traits like height (e.g. http://www.nature.com/ng/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ng.3097.html), and things like GTEx are focused on understanding the biology of gene expression and its downstream effects.