Reddit reviews Jesus on Every Page: 10 Simple Ways to Seek and Find Christ in the Old Testament
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Have you checked out Jesus on Every Page by David Murray? He has a chapter in there called "Christ's Presence" that deals with the angel of the Lord and Christophanies. This is where I got this idea from.
I don't particularly view this as incompatible with a polemic against the Gnostics. Part of the key of this is to realize that Christophanies are more than just Christ in a human form. For instance, the burning bush...Christophany. The glory of the Lord...Christophany. Thus, the Son was manifested in different ways in the Old Testament, sometimes in a human form, sometimes not in a human form. However, this changed with the incarnation when the Son assumed a human nature. This did not change following his death and resurrection.
David Murray has a very readable book - Jesus On Every Page that might help.
Besides Clowney and the Simeon Trust (those two are probably your best resources):
And two others that I've heard good things about, but not read myself:
#3 but with #1
>John 5:39,46 "You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me... For if you believed Moses, you would believe me; for he wrote of me."
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>Luke 24:44 "everything written about me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled."
I recommend looking at works by Estelle and Fesko for some good Christological expositions of certain OT sections. I've heard Jesus on Every Page is a good starter, but I haven't picked it up myself.
I recently read Salvation Through Judgment and Mercy: The Gospel According to Jonah by Estelle. The way he reveals Christ in that book is stunning.
This is one of my passions, so get ready.
Let's play a game; you pick any passage in 1 Samuel, and I will tell you how it is about Christ.
There are many more ways that the OT is about Jesus than just "messianic" and "allegory." But, I do want to caveat - verses and chapters, though helpful, are largely arbitrary units. I would nuance this to say that every "passage" is about Jesus - every independent literary unit. So no Jesus is not in every word, or every verse, or sometimes not even in every chapter, but he is what every passage is ultimately about.
If you haven't studied them, I would encourage you to consider a few NT passages - how Jesus considers the theme of the OT:
John 5:39-40: "You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me, yet you refuse to come to me that you may have life."
Luke 24:25-17: "And he said to them, “O foolish ones, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken! Was it not necessary that the Christ should suffer these things and enter into his glory?” And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself."
Or, maybe more on the nose, take a look at how the NT interprets OT passages that aren't "messianic."
Like Matthew 2:13-15, quoting Hosea 11:1 - in context clearly about Israel and not Jesus. But Matthew seems to think it is! If you read and wrestle with this article, you'll have a great start to understanding how the NT interprets the OT.
Following up on Matthew 2, John 12's use of Isaiah 6, or 1 Corinthians 10's use of much of the Exodus narrative - both use OT passages that are not evidently about Christ but prove to be.
If you're curious, I recommend two books: David Murray's "Jesus on Every Page" is a popular level book, and Sidney Greidanus' "Preaching Christ from the Old Testament" is more academic and will give a christocentric method for interpreting the OT.