Reddit reviews Memoirs of a Man's Maiden Years

You also might want to check out the 1907 book Memoirs of a Man's Maiden Years by Karl M. Baer under the pseudonym N. O. Body, with help from Magnus Hirschfeld.

This is a semi-autobiographical novel. Baer was either a trans man or possibly intersex, assigned female at birth and raised as a girl. He was one of the first trans people to receive gender confirmation surgery in 1906, and had a new birth certificate issued in Germany in 1907.

It's quite a bit later than the time period you want to write about, and gets into the beginnings of the modern language and concepts of being trans (Hirschfeld literally coined the term "transsexual" and established the first clinic offering modern transition-related medical care), but the early parts of his life might still give some ideas for how to portray a trans man's life in an era before there was modern language to describe it.