(Part 2) Best biology books according to redditors
We found 1,800 Reddit comments discussing the best biology books. We ranked the 729 resulting products by number of redditors who mentioned them. Here are the products ranked 21-40. You can also go back to the previous section.
I'll stick to recommending science communication books (those that don't require a deep background on biological concepts):
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For books that everyone studying biology ends up reading, my candidate would be Lehninger's Principles of Biochemistry, by Nelson & Cox but that's a textbook.
If you move the decimal over. This is about 1,000 in books...
(If I had to pick a few for 100 bucks: encyclopedia of country living, survival medicine, wilderness medicine, ball preservation, art of fermentation, a few mushroom and foraging books.)
Medical:
Where there is no doctor
Where there is no dentist
Emergency War Surgery
The survival medicine handbook
Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine
Special Operations Medical Handbook
Food Production
Mini Farming
encyclopedia of country living
square foot gardening
Seed Saving
Storey’s Raising Rabbits
Meat Rabbits
Aquaponics Gardening: Step By Step
Storey’s Chicken Book
Storey Dairy Goat
Storey Meat Goat
Storey Ducks
Storey’s Bees
Beekeepers Bible
bio-integrated farm
soil and water engineering
Organic Mushroom Farming and Mycoremediation
Food Preservation and Cooking
Steve Rinella’s Large Game Processing
Steve Rinella’s Small Game
Ball Home Preservation
Charcuterie
Root Cellaring
Art of Natural Cheesemaking
Mastering Artesian Cheese Making
American Farmstead Cheesemaking
Joe Beef: Surviving Apocalypse
Wild Fermentation
Art of Fermentation
Nose to Tail
Artisan Sourdough
Designing Great Beers
The Joy of Home Distilling
Foraging
Southeast Foraging
Boletes
Mushrooms of Carolinas
Mushrooms of Southeastern United States
Mushrooms of the Gulf Coast
Tech
farm and workshop Welding
ultimate guide: plumbing
ultimate guide: wiring
ultimate guide: home repair
off grid solar
Woodworking
Timberframe Construction
Basic Lathework
How to Run A Lathe
Backyard Foundry
Sand Casting
Practical Casting
The Complete Metalsmith
Gears and Cutting Gears
Hardening Tempering and Heat Treatment
Machinery’s Handbook
How to Diagnose and Fix Everything Electronic
Electronics For Inventors
Basic Science
Chemistry
Organic Chem
Understanding Basic Chemistry Through Problem Solving
Ham Radio
AARL Antenna Book
General Class Manual
Tech Class Manual
MISC
Ray Mears Essential Bushcraft
Contact!
Nuclear War Survival Skills
The Knowledge: How to rebuild civilization in the aftermath of a cataclysm
OH YEAH. He is one of my favorite authors, ever. The Diversity of Life won him a Pulitzer if I recall correctly, and is a must read for anyone who loves non-fiction and biology. Consilience is a heady read and well worth the time. The Future of Life is a call to arms in defense of the environment, and as well written and straightfoward as anyone could ask. Kind of like An Inconvenient Truth, if it was written by one of the most brilliant and silver-tongued biologists of our time instead of the inventor of the internet.
I'll also add the booking I'm reading now as a reference. It talks in length about chromosomal similarities and differences between humans and other apes, how those differences likely came about, and how they present strong evidence for evolution: Relics of Eden: The Powerful Evidence of Evolution in Human DNA
Start by picking a guide for your area and reading it thoroughly, especially focusing on the anatomy of a mushroom. Go hunting a lot bringing back what you find, take spore prints and work though the IDs. Also joining a NAMA affiliated club will help tremendously.
Regional guides
Alaska
Common Interior Alaska Cryptogams
Western US
All The Rain Promises and More
Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest
Midwestern US
Mushrooms of the Midwest
Edible Wild Mushrooms of Illinois and Surrounding States
Mushrooms of the Upper Midwest
Southern US
Texas Mushrooms: A Field Guide
Mushrooms of the Southeastern United States
Midwestern US
Mushrooms of the Midwest
Edible Wild Mushrooms of Illinois and Surrounding States
Mushrooms of the Upper Midwest
Eastern US
Mushrooms of West Virginia and the Central Appalachians
Mushrooms of Northeast North America (This was out of print for awhile but it's they're supposed to be reprinting so the price will be normal again)
Mushrooms of Northeastern North America
Macrofungi Associated with Oaks of Eastern North America(Macrofungi Associated with Oaks of Eastern North America)
Mushrooms of Cape Cod and the National Seashore
More specific guides
Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World
North American Boletes
Tricholomas of North America
Milk Mushrooms of North America
Waxcap Mushrooms of North America
Ascomycete of North America
Ascomycete in colour
Fungi of Switzerland: Vol. 1 Ascomycetes
PDFs
For Pholiotas
For Chlorophyllum
For parasitic fungi, Hypomyces etc "Mushrooms that Grow on other Mushrooms" by John Plischke. There's a free link to it somewhere but I cant find it.
Websites that aren't in the sidebar
For Amanita
For coprinoids
For Ascos
MycoQuebec: they have a kickass app but it's In French
Messiah college this has a lot of weird species for polypores and other things
Books that provide more info than field Mycology
The Kingdom of Fungi Excellent coffee table book has nice pictures and a breif guide to Fungal taxonomy and biology.
The Fifth Kingdom A bit more in depth
Introduction toFungi Textbook outlining metobolic, taxonomic and ecological roles of fungi. Need some level of biochemistry to have a grasp for this one but it's a good book to have.
You don't know shit about biology. Go read any general biological textbook today, and I guarantee you it will have the distinction between gender and sex.
Here, I recommend this book I read from when I took Biology for Science majors. https://www.amazon.com/Campbell-Biology-11th-Lisa-Urry/dp/0134093410
Stop peddling your misinformation and bankrupt agenda, idiot.
Thanks!
>I think the coolest thing I’ve found is the evolutionary reason why people reject evolution. I haven’t published it yet but, when it comes out, its probably going to cause a minor shit storm.
Please post to reddit when it's published.
In case anyone wants to check out the above mentioned books:
Chimpanzee Politics by Frans de Waal
The Paleolithic Prescription by Boyd and Eaton
Exiles from Eden by Glantz and Pearce
Primates in the Classroom by Gary Bernhard
Why Beautiful People Have More Daughters by Miller and Kanzawa
Evolution for Everyone by David Sloan
A Reference book of men's issues is probably your best bet for finding relevant studies.
[MRRef] (https://www.reddit.com/r/MRRef/) is more extensive but will require more digging.
Videos:
The Red Pill (NYA)
Everything by Karen Straughan
Everything by Janice Fiamengo
Books:
[Is There Anything Good About Men?] (https://gendertruce.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/baumeister-roy-is-there-anything-good-about-men.pdf) (full book online) by Roy Baumeister
The Myth of Male Power: Why Men are the Disposable Sex by Warren Farrell
The Privileged Sex by Martin Van Creveld
The Second Sexism: Discrimination Against Men and Boys by David Benetar
The Fraud of Feminism (full book online) by Earnest Belford Bax
Who Stole Feminism? by Christina Hoff Sommers
The War Against Boys by Christina Hoff Sommers
Spreading Misandry: The Teaching of Contempt for Men in Popular Culture by Paul Nathanson and Katherine Young
Legalizing Misandry: From Public Shame to Systemic Discrimination Against Men by Paul Nathanson and Katherine Young
Sanctifying Misandry: Goddess Ideology and the Fall of Man by Paul Nathanson and Katherine Young
Replacing Misandry: A Revolutionary History of Men by Paul Nathanson and Katherine Young
No More Sex War by Neil Lyndon
A few works that I think deserve more attention. Some are directly related to Men's Rights, others tangentially.
Hierarchy in the Forest: The Evolution of Egalitarian Behavior by Christopher Boehm
War, Peace, Human Nature: Converging Evolutionary & Cultural Views by Douglas Fry et. al
Female Forms of Power and the Myth of Male Dominance: A Model of Female/Male Interaction in Peasant Society (paper online) by Susan Carol Rogers
Favoured or oppressed? Married women, property and ‘coverture’ in England, 1660–1800 (paper online) by J. Bailey
The Mothers: A Study of the Origins of Sentiments and Institutions (full book online) by Robert Briffault
Gynocentrism: From Feudalism to the Modern Disney Princess by Peter Wright
Sex and Culture (full book online) by J.D. Unwin
The Manipulated Man (full book online) by Esther Villar
Unknown Misandry (website)
Real Sexism (website)
> We also know that some viruses (rabies and toxoplasmosis, for example)
LOLOLOLOL.
After reading the rest of your idiotic post I began to realize that you have no fucking clue how the immune system works
I'm going to recommend you an old favorite of mine, http://www.amazon.com/Biology-Book-CD-ROM-Neil-Campbell/dp/080537146X
Get some education before you embarrass yourself further.
In fact, men are far much smarter than women. The gap is astounding.
Smart and SeXy
​
I'm not a doctor but a medical writer who has been obsessed with medicine since I was a kid. Hmm, let me throw out some stuff...
YouTube is a treasure trove. Hank Green's SciShow is an excellent place to start. He's the nerdy, passionate science teacher we all deserve to have.
ZDoggMd makes video parodies that are also suitable for kids. He rewords pop songs with a medical education message.
Medicalstudent.com is a collection of free medical textbooks. Still one of the best-curated lists and non-commercial.
Textbooks can't be beat for learning the fundamentals. Most texts aren't appropriate for children, but the "Made Ridiculously Simple" series is an exception. These books are for med students and it break key concepts down with cartoony illustrations. Microbiology Made Ridiculously Simple is the best, IMO.
Netter's anatomy flashcards are awesome. They aren't cheap, but I bet your daughter would love them.
This should satisfy your daughter for a week or two. ;)
I did share. At the bottom of the post are the citations, and thorough summaries of the data is in the post. I also put together a lot of other analysis on the effects of women in traditional male occupations, with a primary focus on the military since they are the ones who produced the most thorough studies and reports. If you want the full details and full citation list for the summary I am about to give you, its all in the book.
In short, here is the reality of these things. Women couldn't meet the physical standards as they were in the past. This was politically incorrect, so the standards were lowered so some could pass. Even then not many can. Realistically, "meeting the standards" doesn't mean anything when you just change the standards until you get the demographic result you want. So that is a specious argument.
Even if they can meet the standards, they are much more likely to get injured and drop out anyway. Even without the injury or in fields that aren't physically demanding, women drop out of jobs constantly. A large part of the reason America has a doctor shortage is that women take up about 50% of medical school slots, and often give up practice completely within 10 years or less instead of going to their 60s. Employment/enlistment attrition is vastly expensive and logistically a huge pain in the ass. It costs our military millions of dollars per year.
Then there is all the sexual harassment assault claims that are made. Again, this is hugely expensive to deal with by organizations. Millions of dollars again a year for the military. At least 50% of these claims are false and basically constitute a huge wast of time and money. Not to mention potentially ruining the men's lives and generally destroying any group cohesion.
There are many reasons why women are unsuited to various occupations. Physical differences are a proven part of that puzzle, but it hardly ends with physical differences.
In general, the concept of communal property is pervasive among egalitarian societies. Most mobile foragers or hunter-gatherers are or were egalitarian, as are many horticultural societies. However, there's a lot of variation. Typically there are complex social leveling mechanisms in place that prevent any individual from collecting too much wealth (including material and social). For example, when a hunter gets a kill, depending on the tool and method used and present company, there may be different culturally proscribed methods for distribution. Egalitarianism, putatively characterized the majority of human evolution but is hardly representative of all human culture. Robert Kelly's new edition of The Foraging Spectrum provides a nice review. Also, Boehm's Hierarchy in the Forest is a good introduction to theories on egalitarianism.
Oh yeah, there's a ton of stuff out there about natural selection (and evolutionary theory more broadly). You might want to start with the SEP entry on natural selection, which will give you a feel for some of the issues. Beyond that, here are a few things I'd recommend reading:
That should give you some pretty solid places to start reading. I've read all of those things, and I'm pretty comfortable recommending each of them as worth your time.
Dale Purves et al, Neuroscience, 6th edition. This is a good overview of neuro. I've seen it used in grad courses but it was also was a mainstay of undergrad.
After that, the latest edition of Principles of Neural Science, Eric Kandel et al. This is more involved and is often used as a reference for labs and grad students. Some might say this is a grad level book; however, I personally needed it for both undergrad and grad.
You might want to get both of them at the same time, so Kandel can be used if needed for further information whilst reading Purves. Both of these books can likely be found as pdfs on libgen.io.
Neuroanatomy: I used a book called The Human Brain in Photographs and Diagrams by John Nolte but there are many resources out there. She might want to get some free software to examine the brain in 3d. The Allen institute comes to mind.
I imagine this program is not research based, but she should still get used to reading papers, and also keep an eye on current neuro news. Science Daily, Neuroscience News, and New Scientist are good places to start. That said, reading papers can be hard if you don't have the background (neuro, stats, lab techniques).
I'm not sure how much time she has, so realistically speaking I would focus on reading Purves front to back and use everything else I've listed as supplementary first, and then dig deeper into them if she has the time.
Here are some books, articles, websites and YouTube Videos that helped me on my journey from a hardcore creationist to a High School Biology teacher.
BOOKS
The Language of God - By Francis Collins ~ A defense of Evolution by the head of the Human Genome Project (Who also happens to be Christian)
Only a Theory - By Ken Miller ~ Another Christian biologist who accepts and vigorously defends the theory of evolution
Your Inner Fish - by Neil Shubin ~ The wonderful story of how Tiktaalik was found
Why Evolution is True - By Jerry Coyne ~ A simple and thorough treatment of evolution written for the mainstream
The Greatest Show on Earth - By Richard Dawkins ~ A wonderful and beautifully written celebration of evolution
The Panda's Thumb - By Stephen Jay Gould ~ A collection of eloquent and intelligent essays written by SJG. Any of his collections would do but this one is my favorite.
ARTICLES
Crossing the Divide - By Jennifer Couzin ~ an article about an ex-creationist and his difficult journey into enlightenment.
15 Answers to Creationist Nonsense - John Rennie ~ a nice rundown of the major objections to evolution.
WEBSITE
An index of Creationist Claims - Via the TalkOrigins archive ~ an impressive index of the major problems creationists have with evolution, as well as good, evidence based rebuttals.
YOUTUBE VIDEOS/PLAYLISTS
Why do People Laugh at Creationsts? - Via Thunderf00t ~ a scathing review of outrageous sins of logic committed by creationists. Thunderf00t's style isn't for everyone, since he can come off as smug and superior
How Evolution Works - Via DonExodus2 ~ a nice and thorough overview of how evolution works
The Theory of Evolution Made Easy - Via Potholer54
Evolution - Via Qualia Soup ~ short (10 minutes), simple and well made, this is one of my go-to videos to help logically explain how evolution happens.
There is a decent wikipedia article on Eye contact. It goes over some social implications, but doesn't really delve into the meat of the issue. Fortunately, there does seem to be a good amount of research on the issue. This study postulates that, since eyes are a good feedback indicator, eye contact is linked to affiliative motivation (an unconscious desire to maintain relationships). This study investigates the importance of eye contact during infancy. It seems that eye contact plays an important role in developing many relationships, including flirting. Another study, thrillingly entitled Breaking the Ice in Human-Agent Communication: Eye-Gaze Based Initiation of Contact with an Embodied Conversational Agent tackles that beast, but arrives to the unsatisfying conclusion that it's good to be attractive, but eye contact certainly doesn't hurt when flirting.
But why you ask? What really causes that connection? This is where it gets tricky, and where some speculation comes in. David Sloan Wilson wrote a wonderful book entitled Evolution for Everyone, and in it he tackles a few topics of human evolution. He describes how important (and overlooked) human social structure has been on human evolution. A good part of this (along with why rock throwing is important) is devoted to our body language and how we communicate our feelings in a way that we can't control. This helped prohibit individuals trying to take advantage of others; their real intentions were displayed with out them knowing. Now, to speculate, eye contact could be some sort of challenge. Initiating eye contact shows a desire to know what that person is thinking and what their intent is. Also, by initiating eye contact, you are opening yourself up to them for investigation, putting your intentions on display. I feel like this study, which documents how people felt that individuals avoiding eye contact were being deceptive, vindicates that speculation.
Edit: forgot a word.
Read this thing cover to cover, do all your assignments, watch Crash Course Bio and Bozeman Science on YouTube, and good things will come your way.
https://www.amazon.com/Preparing-Biology-School-Pearson-Education/dp/0133458148
> Give everyone shit, or give nobody shit, or you breed resentment.
This is true. We have lived in extremely egalitarian societies for about 95 percent of our history, so it's not surprising at all that human beings become extremely dysfunctional in hierarchical/unequal societies. The more inequality the more dysfunction. More unequal societies fare worse on every single quality of life indicator.
The right is fighting biology, essentially, a doomed mission that will probably end in extinction. The modern "left" -- also steered by billionaire psychopaths -- is no better, as they also support extreme hierarchy. Though the "left" at least talks about class and war, they reduce the most important issues to an afterthought, and focus relentlessly on ID politics.
I'm currently seeking my masters degree in Physics. When I was an undergraduate, I majored in Physics and minored in Biology. My "formal" background in this entails several biology classes and two genetics classes. None of them ever, even more a moment, entertained the idea that "race" was of biological significance.
In fact, Campbell Biology, a very commonly used biology textbook in highschools and at the college freshmen level, put it pretty well, explaining that "the genetic variation between race is equal to the genetic variation between species" in the context of the human species. This is why humans are considered to be one race which shouldn't be subdivided any further. Doing so would be statistically insignificant, as any further subdivisions wouldn't exceed the standard variation innate in the human genome (i.e. you would never be able to discern a signal from the noise).
I'm not saying genetic differences don't exist. Obviously they do. But in the context of genetic determinism, IQ, behavior, and crime, genetics are far less salient than, say, culture and other societal influences. If one wanted to make the claim that a "culture is wrong" (maybe because they value the wrong things, e.g., a culture that values throwing women into volcanoes to appease the rain gods), that is a possible argument to make. But to claim a culture is wrong "because of latent genetic inferiority" --- that's simply not support by the facts.
I am not an expert in this field. If you want to learn more, I recommend examining the sources that I linked. For a more rigorous examining, you could also take standard biology progression (BIO 101, 102 -> Genetics 101).
Literally every biology textbook from a reputable publisher will prove OP is right. Here is one you could buy for $10 on Amazon. Doesn't even need to be a college textbook. This is middle school biology.
Frankly, I am curious as to what this "professor" teaches and as it seems they have been living under a rock...
I came late to this topic, but discovered this only last year and read it a few months ago:
Hierarchy in the Forest: The Evolution of Egalitarian Behavior
by Christopher Boehm
Very thought-provoking topic.
It really depends.
Primary care docs like myself don't use much actual true biology, physiology, chemistry, physics, organic chemistry, pharmacology on a day-to-day basis. Like most jobs, as you get more experienced, your knowledge also gets more focused on aspects you need to learn and use repeatedly and you forget most of the inane and trivial things that you may have learned.
Although I might have seen a case of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever today, that I've never seen before. But I was thinking the last time I really thought about Rickettsial disease was while reading [this] (https://www.amazon.ca/Clinical-Microbiology-Made-Ridiculously-Simple/dp/1935660152) study guide in undergrad. I was actually picturing the drawing from that guide today about the RMSF guy with the mustache and spots all over.
One thing about design, at least assuming an all-perfect, all-knowing, all-powerful designer, it should be perfect.
So, imperfections in design either point to a mediocre designer or natural processes. I know of no one arguing that God is merely mediocre in his job.
Steven Jay Gould wrote an essay called "The Panda's Thumb" and published it and many of his others in a book of that title. The panda needed a thumb to strip the leaves from bamboo. But, like other members of the family, all 5 digits were fused together. It would be easy to un-fuse the thumb and allow for stripping of bamboo. Instead, they evolved an elongated wrist bone called the radial sesamoid bone. It works. But, it's a kluge. It's not good design.
Similarly, when humans evolved to stand upright, we got a spine with lots of curves in it. This is structurally less sound than a straight spine. Now, 80% of people experience back pain at some point in our lives. Our knees have similar issues.
There are numerous such examples throughout the biological world in which we live. Evolution produces quite good results and some pretty impressive kluges. But, it does not produce the perfection one should expect from an all-knowing designer. And, good enough rather than perfection is what we see.
Now let's look wider afield. Some argue that the universe is fine-tuned for life. But, is it? If we teleported to a random place in the universe, by far the vast majority of places would kill us in about 30 seconds. Most of the universe is what we refer to as "empty space", not truly empty, but not an atmosphere and not much for us to breath.
But, earth, clearly earth is fine-tuned for life. Well is it? First, there are about 10^22 planets. So, it's not that surprising that one or even many would support life as we know it just by chance. But, looking at our supposedly designed planet we see that more than 99% of all species that have ever lived are extinct. So, while there's still life here now, that doesn't hint at a perfectly designed planet for life, but rather one that is good enough.
So, while I personally do not see anything that I'd call evidence of design, I see a lot of evidence of natural processes.
If you've not read anything else by him, I say that is a great start. I think his writings on biology are way better than his writings on religion.
He's very "tangential" though, so I sometimes feel like I'm trying to keep up with his train of thought.
When you're done, assuming you haven't read it already, you should read The Extended Phenotype. I believe it's his greatest book.
Happy reading!
The question, and the issue of defining a "species," reminds me of what Richard Dawkins points out about common descent. If you lined up in a line by order of descent with ALL of your ancestors, including the ancestors no longer living, as you looked at each individual in the line you could say "He is the son of the father standing next to him," going back as far as you want, even hundreds of millions of years, and yet at some point in the deep past the ancestors would not look anything at all like "humans," or indeed even like mammals or like tetrapods. At the individual level, OF COURSE you are part of the same species as your parents (by definition of "species"). Life on Earth today has a common ancestor, or at the very least a common set of one-celled ancestors, by general agreement of biologists, so all the species that have differentiated from one another over time can be traced to common ancestors of multiple species. You are undoubtedly related to your parents, who belong to the same species you do, but you have remote ancestors whom no one would call individuals of the species Homo sapiens. There simply isn't any definite line to draw between one species and the next, historically, and that was what was shocking about Darwin's idea of branching speciation from common ancestors, the only idea he presented visually in his book The Origin of Species.
For a book-length treatment of speciation as a scientific issue for the thoroughly curious, see Speciation by Jerry A. Coyne and H. Allen Orr,
http://www.amazon.com/Speciation-Jerry-A-Coyne/dp/0878930892
which discusses mechanisms of speciation and how theories about those mechanisms are tested by biologists.
> I'd recommend focusing more on basic biology textbooks
This is a really good idea. I would recommend Campbell Biology for general biology at the intro level and Concepts of Genetics for genetics
They are 10% smaller, 15% less neuron density. This book lists and explains all the differences with hundreds of references to primary papers
>methodically state the case for why creation is most likely and/or why evolution is unlikely.
You will find lots and lots of the latter. Very little of the former.
>I'd also be happy to read GOOD anti-creation books as well, provided they meet the above criterion of not being mocking.
Those would just be science books based on the academic literature, wouldn't they?
Here is my reading list form the past few months. These would be pro-evolution (a.k.a science). Creationism is mentioned in a few of them, but almost in passing because Creationism is simply not a factor in legitimate scientific research, so it gets pretty much no consideration.
Knock yourself out. ;)
> what is a good source of reference to understand what we know today?
Not that The Origin of Species isn't insightful in any way by itself, but it isn't what you want here. If you actually want to be educated in these subjects you should do what other people do to get educated in these topics, namely read textbooks and/or watch lectures on the subjects.
If you want to learn about evolution, pick up some textbooks on evolutionary biology and/or human evolution. Here are two textbooks that I happen to know are very good:
Here's a textbook on astronomy that I know is good:
You could probably find online versions of these textbooks and other textbooks like them and there are online lectures from actual universities out there on these topics too.
> I really would like to have an educated response to the religious apologist argument about evolution and big bang only being "theory".
If someone describes evolution and the big bang as "just a theory" it's because (among other reasons) they do not understand evolution and the big bang. If you want to have an "educated response" to them you will need to understand (and not just accept) evolution and the big bang yourself.
If you just want to tell them why they're wrong then you can get away with having a very basic understanding of these topics, but by no means would this constitute an "educated response" to them. It would just be your way of "winning" the argument. An "educated response" would be one where you actually teach these people something that they had no idea they didn't know based on an understanding of where they've gone wrong.
Overviews of the evidence:
The greatest show on earth
Why evolution is true
Books on advanced evolution:
The selfish gene
The extended phenotype
Climbing mount improbable
The ancestors tale
It is hard to find a better author than Dawkins to explain evolutionary biology. Many other popular science books either don't cover the details or don't focus entirely on evolution.
I will hit one point though.
>I have a hard time simply jumping from natural adaption or mutation or addition of information to the genome, etc. to an entirely different species.
For this you should understand two very important concepts in evolution. The first is a reproductive barrier. Basically as two populations of a species remain apart from each other (in technical terms we say there is no gene flow between them) then repoductive barriers becomes established. These range in type. There are behavioral barriers, such as certain species of insects mating at different times of the day from other closely related species. If they both still mated at the same time then they could still produce viable offspring. Other examples of behavior would be songs in birds (females will only mate with males who sing a certain way). There can also be physical barriers to reproduction, such as producing infertile offspring (like a donkey and a horse do) or simply being unable to mate (many bees or flies have different arrangements of their genitalia which makes it difficult or impossible to mate with other closely related species. Once these barriers exist then the two populations are considered two different species. These two species can now further diverge from each other.
The second thing to understand is the locking in of important genes. Evolution does not really take place on the level of the individual as most first year biology courses will tell you. It makes far more sense to say that it takes place on the level of the gene (read the selfish gene and the extended phenotype for a better overview of this). Any given gene can have a mutation that is either positive, negative, of neutral. Most mutations are neutral or negative. Let's say that a certain gene has a 85% chance of having a negative mutation, a 10% chance of a neutral mutation, and a 5% chance of a positive mutation. This gene is doing pretty good, from it's viewpoint it has an 85% chance of 'surviving' a mutation. What is meant by this is that even though one of it's offspring may have mutated there is an 85% chance that the mutated gene will perform worse than it and so the mutation will not replace it in the gene pool. If a neutral mutation happens then this is trouble for the original gene, because now there is a gene that does just as good a job as it in the gene pool. At this point random fluctuations of gene frequency called genetic drift take over the fate of the mutated gene (I won't go into genetic drift here but you should understand it if you want to understand evolution).
The last type of mutation, a positive mutation is what natural selection acts on. This type of mutation would also change the negative/neutral/positive mutation possibilities. so the newly positively mutated gene might have frequencies of 90/7/3 Already it has much better odds than the original gene. OK, one more point before I explain how this all ties together. Once a gene has reached the 100/0/0 point it does not mean that gene wins forever, there can still be mutations in other genes that affect it. A gene making an ant really good at flying doesn't matter much when the ant lives in tunnels and bites off its own wings, so that gene now has altered percentages in ants. It is this very complex web that makes up the very basics of mutations and how they impact evolution (if you are wondering how common mutations are I believe they happen about once every billion base pairs, so every human at conception has on average 4 mutations that were not present in either parent)
This all ties back together by understanding that body plan genes (called hox genes) lock species into their current body plans, by reducing the number of possible positive or neutral mutations they become crucial to the organisms survival. As evolutionary time progresses these genes become more and more locked in, meaning that the body plans of individuals become more and more locked in. So it is no wonder that coming in so late to the game as we are we see such diversity in life and we never see large scale form mutations. Those type of mutations became less likely as the hox genes became locked in their comfy spots on the unimpeachable end of the mutation probability pool. That is why it is hard to imagine one species evolving into another, and why a creationist saying that they will believe evolution when a monkey gives birth to a human is so wrong.
Hopefully I explained that well, it is kind of a dense subject and I had to skip some things I would rather have covered.
The two you've listed are my personal favorites. I also make use of National Audobon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms, 100 Edible Mushrooms, North American Mushrooms: A Field guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi (not my favorite, but a useful cross reference at times), and Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America (this one has fantastic photos. While it is never recommended to ID by appearance alone, the cross cuts and underside photos in this book can be very useful). If you live in the southern east coast then I'd recommend Mushrooms of the Southeastern United States if you can find it affordably (as far as I know it is out of print and even used coppies are pretty expensive, but it is a fantastic book for southeastern mushrooms).
As far as websites I am a pretty frequent visitor of MushroomExpert.com. It offers some good keys and there are a lot of mushrooms listed.
You're thinking of the Extended Phenotype, the topic of one of Richard Dawkins' books.
The construction of wetlands via beaver dams and peat bogs would be two examples of organisms (beavers and peat moss) dramatically affecting their own ecosystem.
Some more info here: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090119081333.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2658563/
https://www.amazon.com/Speciation-Jerry-Coyne/dp/0878930892/ref=sr_1_1?s=books
You can absolutely self-study your way to a good score on the Bio SAT II since so much of it is based on memorizing. Get yourself a Barron's review book and work through that and re-read select portions. You'll have to be very introspective and know what topics are the ones you are having the most difficulty retaining. The last thing you want is to waste time reviewing a topic that you already know pretty well. There are two official biology tests available as well to get an accurate sense of where you stand.
As far as it being a good idea, you'll need to ask yourself why you want to take the test. Do you need subject tests for a school that you're applying to? When schools require subject tests, they generally require more than one. Are you studying for another subject test (you can take up to 3 at a time)?
You also have to think about your situation. For instance, if you're going to be a junior, then the decision to take the subject test is going to be easier to make than if you're a senior waiting on an SAT score. If the schools you want to apply to don't even require a subject test, you're better off spending your time ensuring that you get a solid SAT score.
I really think it will help. The tower26 episodes on alignment really helped me.
Also, I found this book to be helpful: https://www.amazon.com/Swim-Speed-Secrets-Swimmers-Triathletes/dp/1934030880
And finally, check out swimsmooth.com. the have some good posts.
I'm 42 and learned to swim 3 years ago when I wanted to try triathlon. I still have improvements to make but I'm swimming a 1:55/100m pace and finally achieved a couple 500m swims under 10 minutes! And getting close to a sub-20 1k. Again, I'm not super fast, but I feel good about it and mention this to give you encouragement.
Oh! And one last thing - frequency is key. Get in the pool 3-4 times a week, even if a couple of those are 500m of drills. Just get in the pool. Best of luck to you - if this 40-something uncoordinated lady can do it, I know you can!!
I thought Microbiology Made Ridiculously Simple was a good read. (http://www.amazon.com/Clinical-Microbiology-Made-Ridiculously-Simple/dp/1935660152/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1418962425&sr=8-1&keywords=microbiology+made+ridiculously+simple)
Yes, this is the perfect choice.
An alternative would be Peter Hoffman's Life's Ratchet: How Molecular Machines Extract Order from Chaos https://www.amazon.com/Lifes-Ratchet-Molecular-Machines-Extract/dp/0465022537
>>Nobody is presenting an "oppositional theory",
>That is precisely what happened, did you read Dunsworth's post?
I did. Her argument was against an approach to evo psych, not an attempt to come up with a rigorous alternative theory to that specific claim.
>>This is what I hate about laymen
>Coyne? Who literally wrote the book on speciation?. Versus Jesse Singal? Who (after a quick google) appears to be no more than an egotist with a twitter account.
I was more talking about people on reddit and elsewhere that talk about the problems with "blank slatists" but yes, Coyne is obviously a layman when it comes to evo psych - he's no more qualified than Singal.
>It could not be addressed more directly. He explicitly dissects Dunsworth's alternative idea (concocted to challenge the theory that sexual selection can in anyway explain the sexual dimorphism of human beings) based on no more than observable and well documented evidence alone.
The criticism isn't that his argument about sexual dimorphism is wrong.
>People who reject/ignore evidence are usually the ones guilty of injecting the politics (cf climate change).
Indeed and that's what Coyne is obviously doing.
>That some human behaviours can be explained as a result of evolution terrifies some people (because then where does individual responsibility go?) as evident from reading the comment section of the original PZ piece.
But again, nobody is disagreeing that evolution is true or that it affects things like our psychology.
You're doing exactly what the criticism of Coyne argues that people do. Instead of addressing the criticism they fall back on some imagined enemy that supposedly denies evolution.
I don't see what value or use there is in making things up like that.
Yep, there is a whole book on the subject.
As Stephen Jay Gould said, "We are glorious accidents of an unpredictable process with no drive to complexity, not the expected results of evolutionary principles that yearn to produce a creature capable of understanding the mode of its own necessary construction."
I can't be arsed to keep humoring you when you are clearly completely ignorant of how anthropology works.
To answer your question, the work of Christopher Boehm would be a good place to start.
Or, recognize that there is a unanimous consensus within archaeology and anthropology that your first paragraph about prehistoric societies was entirely false.
Now you are merely attacking the credibility of anthropology as a whole, with zero evidence supporting your ridiculous speculation.
I'm done trying to reason with such an ignoramus.
https://www.amazon.com/Hierarchy-Forest-Evolution-Egalitarian-Behavior/dp/0674006917
Campbell's biology textbook is the best university level biology textbook I've seen.
https://www.amazon.com/Campbell-Biology-11th-Lisa-Urry/dp/0134093410
Basically all of biology is relevant to understanding evolution (as well as a general understanding of chemistry, physics being also useful).
For something a bit harder (but requiring some more basic science knowledge), molecular biology of the cell is good.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26879/
Is this
Biology (7th Edition) https://www.amazon.ca/dp/080537146X/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_apa_16zeAb9MPH2P6.
The right one? It isn't explicitly called "Campbell Biology" and is drastically cheaper than all the others but it's written by Campbell.
I recommend getting this review book:
https://www.amazon.com/dp/0133458148/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_NN.-zbQBBNHT3
It's kinda pricey but it's a really good outline of the Campbell textbook with practice questions.
The links already given here are good reads. If you want something more in depth and you have some familiarity with biology, check out "Relics of Eden" by Daniel Fairbanks. http://www.amazon.com/Relics-Eden-Powerful-Evidence-Evolution/dp/1591025648
For a quick and dirty version of some of the genetic evidence, check out CDK007's evidence for evolution stuff: http://www.youtube.com/user/cdk007#p/u/45/TUxLR9hdorI
If you really want a deeper look at it, I'd recommend Richard Dawkins; The Extended Phenotype
I just finished reading Swim Speed Secrets, which talks a lot about the pull phase of swimming as being the part where most of your speed is coming from. I have been doing tris for a couple years now and wanted to start to focus in on my swimming technique more. I liked the book for this and I am already seeing some improvement.
I know some people don't like this book because it leaves out some of the other parts of the stroke, but I think as long as you are aware of that it is a good read.
http://www.amazon.com/Swim-Speed-Secrets-Swimmers-Triathletes/dp/1934030880/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1463164698&sr=8-1&keywords=swim+speed+secrets
Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology by Bryan Kolb
If you want to also cover it on a more biochemical level, Neuroscience by Dale Purves et al. is a good read.
Oh and Behave by Robert Sapolsky. I would say thats a must read 😋
I was thinking The Panda's Thumb
Hi /u/murphalicious55, I'm not sure if I am in any position to give advice, since I've been swimming for a small period of time.
These are the things that I did:
1.- Swim more. I go to the pool 4 times a week, and I average around 2500yd per session.
2.- No lollygagging in the pool. I use to swim with a team of Triathletes, but I found that I tend to socialize more when other people are around, and I would take very long breaks at the wall. When I'm alone, I just keep on doing my own thing.
3.- I bought a book. I bought this book and it's companion workout book. Really good information.
4.- I have a friend that has been a swimmer since he was a kid, he is a very competitive Age Grouper in Ironman 70.3 races, he's usually 1st or 2nd out of the water. About 2 times a month he comes to the pool with me and shows me some drills, and also takes a look at my stroke and tries to correct it.
I'm planning a 3 month swimming block that will begin in October, and I will concentrate on the swim and see if I can reach my goal of swimming 25min for the 1500m swim in an Olympic Tri. That's a 1:31/100yd pace (1:40/100m).
The Eighth Day of Creation, by Horace Freeland Judson
http://www.amazon.com/Eighth-Day-Creation-Revolution-Anniversary/dp/0879694785
This is the best book for AP Biology hands down. Questions are very similar to test and give lots of need to know information and practice.
https://www.amazon.com/Preparing-Biology-School-Pearson-Education/dp/0133458148/ref=pd_sim_14_7?_encoding=UTF8&pd_rd_i=0133458148&pd_rd_r=a939490d-36cd-11e9-a692-13b9b4e07a01&pd_rd_w=lXCcT&pd_rd_wg=ci0aF&pf_rd_p=90485860-83e9-4fd9-b838-b28a9b7fda30&pf_rd_r=GJD161GBEJMXXBPCJZD6&psc=1&refRID=GJD161GBEJMXXBPCJZD6
If you're going to hand these books over to others, you might want to go with something a little less technical as a first introduction. I highly recommend these books:
By Neil Shubin: Neil is a paleo-ichthyologist (he studies ancient fish) who discovered Tiktaalik. The link between modern humans and ancient fish are very well-known.
Your Inner Fish: A Journey into the 3.5-Billion-Year History of the Human Body
And for the link between organic and inorganic materials:
The Universe Within: The Deep History of the Human Body: Discovering the Common History of Rocks, Planets and People
And by Jerry Coyne
Why Evolution is True
And for a more detailed technical book, on a level for graduate school, this one by Jerry Coyne and H. Allen Orr:
Speciation
I hope these serve you well.
This
If you haven't read Eighth Day of Creation yet, do it.
I'll answer: Yes.
We have lived in profoundly egalitarian societies for about 97 percent of our time on planet earth. As noted in The Spirit Level, the more unequal the society the more social dysfunction. This makes perfect sense given our evolutionary history.
The mistake communists made was to assume "equality" could be achieved via an all powerful state. But hierarchy is the problem, not just capitalism. Socialism doesn't work without the democratic aspect.
I’m not saying you don’t have a point... And, If you already feel like psychiatrists are dumbing things down and treating you like a baby, Stahl’s books aren’t going to help.
All I’m saying is that this style is a mnemonic device and books like this, that are intentionally simple/cartoonish and humorous are a meme in medical education. See: https://www.amazon.com/Clinical-Microbiology-Made-Ridiculously-Simple/dp/1935660152
My university uses "Evolutionary Analysis" by Freeman & Herron.
Book
Clinical Microbiology Made Ridiculously Sijmple: http://www.amazon.com/Clinical-Microbiology-Made-Ridiculously-Simple/dp/1935660152
This was uniformly loved by all of my classmates and myself. The author of a lot of the passages has a great sense of humor.
I've been reading Relics of Eden. It's written by a religious geneticist and it provides evidence and explains genetic mutations in a very clear way. (You do need a certain basis of knowledge.)
More sciency tomes such as the Greatest Show on Earth by Dawkins are a bit dryer. I quite like the religious basis of the book (even though I am an Atheist) because it starts off at the basics and slowly builds a case on examples. It's not about religion, but it offers a thinking path from the strict (and factually untrue) religious hypothesis of creation to genes, gene mutations/drift to a final overview of evolution.
It's clear, well written, not too easy and absolutely scholarly, but with clear figures (graphical) and good concentric expansion of knowledge.
It will absolutely help you grasp the intricacies and quirks of evolution. It broadens your base knowledge, which allows you to delve deeper. Evolution is pretty strange, but just incredibly logical once it's explained well. At just shy of 300 pages I read it through in one go. I really recommend it.
Enjoy your exploration of this amazing science. It broadens your view. Take your time. I also think it's awesome you asked your question. There are no stupid questions and I'm glad you've received many great answers.
Have a nice day. You're already a gentleman, but on your way to be a fine scholar. Don't ever stop asking questions.
Absolutely this. Relevant and highly recommended
Buying this book.
http://www.amazon.com/Swim-Speed-Secrets-Swimmers-Triathletes/dp/1934030880
it made me realize i was simply lazy in the pool and it helped me get my ass into shape.
https://www.amazon.com/Preparing-Biology-School-Pearson-Education/dp/0133458148/ref=pd_cp_14_1?_encoding=UTF8&pd_rd_i=0133458148&pd_rd_r=5PD225KY0Q6VEGMWB8E2&pd_rd_w=oTcbg&pd_rd_wg=4T6DA&psc=1&refRID=5PD225KY0Q6VEGMWB8E2 this one?
https://www.amazon.com/Neuroscience-Dale-Purves/dp/1605353809/ref=mp_s_a_1_2?keywords=neuroscience+purves+6th+edition&qid=1574056105&sprefix=Neuroscience+pur&sr=8-2
My wife uses this book to teach intro to neuro. I've read every edition since the 4th. Unless you got master's level questions it's in here.
Biology and whichever subject you can do the best at with the least work. Chemistry may be a good match if you have been doing chemistry throughout high school. The College Board has recently released dedicated books for the Subject tests. The prep in the book is not extensive and you may want to use another book to ensure you understand all of the tested topics.
Biology
​
Read this.
https://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/0133458148/ref=dp_ob_neva_mobile
I bought this one
Here is the mobile version of your link
Yeah I really hope they are lenient.
Are you sure you felt underprepped with Barron's? At least before I took the test, I felt almost "over prepped" but once I took this SAT Subject Test... ouch.
Here's my recommended resource list to study for the next SAT Subject Test Biology E/M:
Those are all the resources you need to get at least a 700+ on the actual test. If you have the money and want an extra supplementary resource just to ensure you get 750+, check out Kaplan's 2017 edition. It now features a diagnostic test like Barron's and overall the content overview looks good. Again though, this isn't a must have book and most people probably don't need it anyway. This is if you absolutely want even more practice.
790 - Biology M
800 - Math: Level 2 (do NOT take Level 1!)
As for resources:
Biology M - Barron's - considered the "Bible" -- has everything you need. A lot of people never even took Biology in High School yet and still scored very high just by using this book. For upcoming takers in the future, I also recommend the awaited College Board version.
Math L2 - Barron's - just so you know, Barron's can be overkill but I really wanted the perfect score so this is perfect. Princeton Review or Kaplan's should be good enough for 700-750+
I'd recommend you put Evolutionary Analysis and The Counter Creationism Handbook on your reading lists. You really should do that before you start trying to get into these debates at all.
Stop second-guessing your choice of major. Keep your eyes on what you actually want, and remember that the steps along the way will all build there eventually. Check in on your plans when you're picking classes each semester, to make sure you're still on course and still want that ultimate goal. The REU and some lab time will all help.
Try reading some science-related books, not actual science but stuff about scientists themselves or stories about specific scientific discoveries. Like The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, Double Helix, Eighth Day of Creation, The Disappearing Spoon, and Surely You're Joking Mr. Feynman. Your school should have copies of most of them, and they aren't textbook-heavy (though not quite as light as fiction novels).
Don't forget to stay at least a little rounded. Someone on just about every recruitment weekend for grad school will ask about your hobbies. I'm pretty sure they're required to do so :) Or you'll discover you and your interviewer both do ceramics and can chat about that, leaving a stronger impression than if you were yet another person talking about science. It's good to be done with the requirements, but make sure you keep up something outside your major, even if it's just ultimate frisbee.
Heres a good book on the subject.
If you get bored with that, just go take a class in anthropology.
I think I'll go for Campbell Biology. Can you tell me what's the difference between those two editions and why one is so much cheaper than the other ?
https://www.amazon.com/Biology-Global-Approach-Neil-Campbell/dp/1292170433/
https://www.amazon.com/Campbell-Biology-11th-Lisa-Urry/dp/0134093410
> the majority of mutations that appear good, come from a loss of info, so selection would promote loss of info in that case.
Now that's a bold claim which needs to be backed up thoroughly. As a general claim it is most likely wrong.
>Additionally, selection may "root out" the very bad mutations, but many of the deleterious mutations may not affect survivability at first and can still spread to the entire species.
If they won't affect fitness at first, they still might do so in an altered set of genes. But calling them bad before is wrong. They were neutral at worst, and of course they might spread through the enitre species as such. However if they actually are bad, they won't. They can't.
>In fact I've heard arguements that those spead faster than benefitial mutations simply because there are more of them.
Why would that be the case? This is again wrong.
Generally, you have to remember how genes and mutations spread, through reproduction. This means a gene that is disadvantageous will lead to less offspring, and over generations to a very very low rate within the population.
I give up for now, because it just feels like you don't really want to know. Sure you say you do, but I don't believe it.
In any case I highly recommend these standard biology textbooks, which have everything you could possibly want to know in them.
The campbell
Freeman&Herron
Since you're writing a lecture, you should be aware that some people (particularly Jerry Coyne who, along with Orr, wrote 'the book' on Speciation has doubted the existence of any good examples of ring species.
More broadly, the criterion of interfertility is rarely applied in a strict sense in modern taxonomy. The fact that Neanderthals and other humans interbred doesn't settle the issue. Lots of good species occasionally interbreed with other species.
Both of these explanations are very good and spot on. If you want more reading material on this subject I recommend the book Evolution for Everyone by David Sloan Wilson. (In the last part of the book he gets on a bit of a soapbox and I don't agree with all the things he says, but the first 2/3rds of the book are excellent.)
"The eight day of creation" is a historical background of molecular biology which is pretty good.
Otherwise it is textbook time, but that gets very dry very quickly. I suspect you would get similar mileage from browsing wikipedia with a genetics theme in mind.
I haven't seen anything where he suggests he is an academic scientist? AntsCanada actually released a video where he visited academic scientists: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JCIG3EwpU5w&ab_channel=AntsCanada and I've noticed a lot of them congregate on the forums. I prefer the term myrmecophily for myself. But I'd also love to get a formal "doctorate in myrmecological studies" title some day.
I think the definition of what it takes to be called a "myrmcologist" really depends on your stance toward citizen science. Do you need to have a fancy degree and lab experience to bring value to the world with scientific rigor? Certainly, calling oneself a 'doctor' or giving an MD/PHd title would be questionable, but I don't think any academic institution has a monopoly on the term myrmcologist itself.
Interestingly, E.O. Wilson actually wrote a book on that strange dichotomy.
As for ant poop, the "ant sorting algorithm" is a well known phenomena, even being used as inspiration for distributed robotics. As for journal published research on bathroom etiquette, there's some work being done in that area. that is quite interesting. There's also some great work being done on how ants measure and count things like this at a behavioral level at the intersecting of computer science and biology sciences.
Firstly, I LOVE theater! I was in the annual musical every year at my high-school. Thespian-five
Second, I haven't seen Jurassic Park. I first learned about Paleontology by talking to some friends of my grandfather (who was a geologist) when I was about five, and later constant museum visits kept me interested.
Finally, I too suck at math. Most of the math requirements were during my bachelor work. For the graduate degree you learn a lot more about what you'll actually be doing in the field. My favorite class was probably biology, just because I love looking at the evolution of organisms throughout history.
I strongly recommend Evolution for Everyone.
If you get really interested in the topic, there's an excellent book by Coyne and Orr
Same-sex behavior is frequent in many animal species but an evolutionary benefit may not be immediately obvious. For example, you share about the same amount of genes with each parent, your siblings and your children. Therefore, if the cost of raising your own children was too high you'd have a higher chance of spreading at least some of your alleles by investing your resources in supporting your family instead (the theory behind this is called kin selection). What I'm trying to say is, sexual reproduction isn't the only possible way for you to spread your alleles in a population.
Also, sexual orientation (among many other traits, like general intelligence) is thought to be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors so saying that children can be rewired willy-nilly is just plain wrong.
source: molecular biology and psychology double major, parents are medical doctors.
edit: in case you're interested in evolutionary biology check out Evolutionary Analysis (or Human Evolutionary Genetics for humans in particular).
edit 2: How Children Develop is a nice book on Developmental Psychology and might be worth a look, too. However, I only read a translated version so your experience may differ.
I've posted this elsewhere but here ya go...
> Avoid the Audubon guide. The Audubon guide is pretty terribad (bad photos, pithy descriptions, not user-friendly.)
> There are much better nationwide guides out there (like the Falcon Guide), but quite honestly you're better off with a regional guide.
> My recs for regional field guides:
> Alaska
> - Common Interior Alaska Cryptogams
> Western US
> - All The Rain Promises and More
>Midwestern US
>
>Southern US
>
>
Eastern US
>
> As an aside, books like Mushrooms Demystified, Lichens of North America, Mushrooms of Northeastern North America, and Mushrooms of the Southeastern United States are too large and cumbersome to take out in the field, but are all excellent references to have at home for ID after a foray.
Sure, I'd start with Neuroscience for an overview, some more cognitive related computational systems are described in Cognitive Neuroscience, more advanced ones in Vision and Finally Rhythms of the Brain, you can then branch out further into language and memory.
​
https://www.amazon.com/Neuroscience-Dale-Purves/dp/1605353809/ref=sr_1_6?keywords=neuroscience&qid=1563645060&s=gateway&sr=8-6
https://www.amazon.com/Cognitive-Neuroscience-Biology-Mind-Fifth/dp/0393603172/ref=sr_1_2?keywords=cognitive+neuroscience&qid=1563645142&s=gateway&sr=8-2
https://www.amazon.com/Rhythms-Brain-Gyorgy-Buzsaki/dp/0199828237/ref=sr_1_1?crid=813HTOI3332A&keywords=rhythms+of+the+brain&qid=1563645094&s=gateway&sprefix=rhythms+of+the+%2Caps%2C199&sr=8-1
https://www.amazon.com/Vision-Computational-Investigation-Representation-Information/dp/0262514621/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=vision+neuroscience&qid=1563645008&s=gateway&sr=8-1
Read this
I'm glad my response made some sense. There are most likely some inaccuracies, and many concepts are necessarily invoked which is not easy to fit into a readable post - if you are really interested: one standard Evolution 101 textbook is Evolutionary analysis by Freeman&Herron. We did use it in 3rd semester biology and I did really like it.
The same selective pressure does not have to lead to the same traits - even in the same species, and less so in different species. On the other hand, it did just that very often, which is called an analogy or analogous trait. Examples are wings, the shape of the aardvark and anteater, and many more.
>What about monkey-like primates that somewhere along the way of their development would be exposed to conditions that favour human-like features? Would they stop evolving in the monkey ways and start evolving human traits? Is anything of the sort ever seen on Earth, something between the wilder monkeys and humans? Or are chimps, orangutans and the like just that?
I can't really answer that, I actually don't know, if it is possible to answer statisfactorily .
It could be, but then again it takes a long time. So it's not likely to happen in our lifetime (speciation can be quite fast: example of E. coli, example of mosquito). Speciation, because the post-ape (the evolved one) would most likely not be able to mate with present ones.
It is thinkable that humans go extinct and some other apes take the opportunity of free niches, just like many other organisms most likely would. But I don't know if this would lead to human-like behavior or physical traits.
If you like life sciences/evolution books I recommend Evolution for everyone. Link. I'm not too far into it but so far I love it.
As far as the original topic goes, one of the things that I find most frustrating that I haven't really seen people really touch on is that, so many guys are so dumbfounded at the prospect of boobs that they will give compliment girls for things that they wouldn't for guys. I guess girls also do this for attractive males which also frustrates me being that I'm not in either groups.
Go to any college textbook on evolution, such as this one, and it will talk about the importance of allopatric speciation. There have been some hypotheses about geographic stability being important but not a lot of explicit studies. Here is one now.
Put the hyperbolic title aside and there is really something new and interesting here. And ALWAYS read the original paper if you have the time. That is how you actually find out about stuff.
I think that is "more than the high school version that gets a little more in depth" :)
http://www.amazon.com/Evolutionary-Analysis-5th-Edition-Herron/dp/0321616677
you can find previous editions' pdf file easily when you google.
For further reading, check out Life's Ratchet by Peter Hoffmann. Excellent book.
Read up on 'consilience of evidence', so that you can understand that a consensus has been reached, about the primary cause of recent warning being attributable to the increase of atmospheric CO2, from the burning of fossil fuels.
'Consilience' is a bit of a technical term, and it was coined by the famed biologist, Edward Wilson, who wrote a whole book about it. If you disagree with the consensus, then I'd recommend that you read that book http://www.amazon.com/Consilience-Knowledge-Edward-Osborne-Wilson/dp/067976867X
Things to Buy
http://www.amazon.com/Miracle-Years-Hanna-Schissler/dp/0691058202
http://www.amazon.com/Redneck-Manifesto-Hillbillies-Americas-Scapegoats/dp/0684838648
http://www.amazon.com/review/product/039332169X/ref=dp_top_cm_cr_acr_txt?%5Fencoding=UTF8&showViewpoints=1
http://www.amazon.com/Evolution-Everyone-Darwins-Theory-Change/dp/0385340214
http://www.amazon.com/Andromeda-Strain-Michael-Crichton/dp/006170315X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1225932164&sr=1-1
http://www.amazon.com/Primates-Classroom-Evolutionary-Perspective-Childrens/dp/0870236113/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261589323&sr=1-1
http://www.amazon.com/Paleolithic-Prescription-Program-Exercise-Design/dp/0060916354/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261589224&sr=1-1
http://www.amazon.com/Exiles-Eden-Psychotherapy-Evolutionary-Perspective/dp/0393700739/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261589294&sr=1-2
http://www.amazon.com/Chimpanzee-Politics-Power-among-Apes/dp/0801886562/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261589183&sr=8-1
http://www.amazon.com/YOU-Updated-Expanded-Insiders-Healthier/dp/0061473677/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1263303625&sr=1-5
http://www.amazon.com/YOU-Updated-Expanded-Insiders-Healthier/dp/0061473677/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1263303625&sr=1-5
http://www.amazon.com/Good-Calories-Bad-Controversial-Science/dp/1400033462/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1297305735&sr=8-1
http://www.amazon.com/New-Sugar-Busters-Cut-Trim/dp/0345469585/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1297305615&sr=8-1
http://www.amazon.com/Omnivores-Dilemma-Natural-History-Meals/dp/0143038583/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1297305420&sr=8-2
http://www.amazon.com/Skinny-Bastard-Kick-Ass-Getting/product-reviews/0762435402/ref=cm_cr_dp_all_helpful?ie=UTF8&showViewpoints=1&sortBy=bySubmissionDateDescending
http://www.amazon.com/Evolution-Everyone-Darwins-Theory-Change/dp/0385340214
http://www.amazon.com/Food-Rules-Eaters-Michael-Pollan/dp/014311638X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1297305420&sr=8-1
http://www.amazon.com/Primates-Classroom-Evolutionary-Perspective-Childrens/dp/0870236113/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261589323&sr=1-1
http://www.amazon.com/Exiles-Eden-Psychotherapy-Evolutionary-Perspective/dp/0393700739/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261589294&sr=1-2
http://www.amazon.com/Paleolithic-Prescription-Program-Exercise-Design/dp/0060916354/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261589224&sr=1-1
http://www.amazon.com/Chimpanzee-Politics-Power-among-Apes/dp/0801886562/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261589183&sr=8-1
http://www.amazon.com/Stranger-Strange-Land-Robert-Heinlein/dp/0441788386/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1258348123&sr=8-1
http://www.amazon.com/Full-Plate-Diet-Great-Healthy/dp/1885167717/ref=sr_1_13?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1266199288&sr=1-13
http://www.amazon.com/Religion-War-Scott-Adams/dp/0740747886/ref=ntt_at_ep_dpi_9
http://www.amazon.com/Full-Plate-Diet-Great-Healthy/dp/1885167717/ref=sr_1_13?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1266199288&sr=1-13
http://www.amazon.com/Blindsight-Peter-Watts/dp/0765319640/
http://www.amazon.com/Miracle-Years-Hanna-Schissler/dp/0691058202
http://www.amazon.com/Redneck-Manifesto-Hillbillies-Americas-Scapegoats/dp/0684838648
http://www.amazon.com/review/product/039332169X/ref=dp_top_cm_cr_acr_txt?%5Fencoding=UTF8&showViewpoints=1
http://www.amazon.com/Andromeda-Strain-Michael-Crichton/dp/006170315X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1225932164&sr=1-1
http://www.amazon.com/Atheist-Manifesto-Against-Christianity-Judaism/dp/1559708204
http://www.amazon.com/Mayo-Clinic-Family-Health-Book/dp/1603200770/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1267299889&sr=1-1
http://www.amazon.com/Body-Sculpting-Bible-Men-Revised/dp/1578262380/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1298573232&sr=8-1
http://www.amazon.com/Mens-Health-Big-Book-Exercises/dp/1605295507
http://www.amazon.com/dp/1594866279/ref=asc_df_15948662791442125?smid=ATVPDKIKX0DER&tag=pg-1583-01-20&linkCode=asn&creative=395093&creativeASIN=1594866279
http://www.amazon.com/dp/0345498461/ref=asc_df_03454984611442018?smid=ATVPDKIKX0DER&tag=pg-1583-01-20&linkCode=asn&creative=395093&creativeASIN=0345498461
http://www.amazon.com/Beginning-Runners-Handbook-13-Week-Walk-Run/dp/1553650875/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1298575384&sr=8-1
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703558004574581891694514228.html
http://www.amazon.com/Edible-Wild-Plants-Foods-Adventure/dp/1423601505
http://www.amazon.com/Shoppers-Guide-Organic-Food/dp/1857028406/ref=sr_1_16?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1308213453&sr=1-16
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Portrait_of_the_Artist_as_a_Young_Man
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream_of_consciousness_writing
http://entertainment.time.com/2011/08/30/all-time-100-best-nonfiction-books/#fast-food-nation-by-eric-schlosser
http://www.amazon.com/Stranger-Strange-Land-Robert-Heinlein/dp/0441788386/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1258348123&sr=8-1
http://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/sleep-apnea/continuous-positive-airway-pressure-cpap-for-obstructive-sleep-apnea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Catcher_in_the_Rye
http://www.amazon.com/Catch-22-Joseph-Heller/dp/0684833395
http://www.amazon.com/Starting-Strength-2nd-Mark-Rippetoe/dp/0976805421/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1253993543&sr=8-1
http://www.amazon.com/Aero-Speed-Hyperformance-Jump-Rope/dp/B00017XHO8
http://www.invisibleshoe.com/#ecwid:category=135066&mode=product&product=278983
http://view.exacttarget.com/?j=fe621670756c0575741d&m=fe7215707561047d7315&ls=fde817797d6d037977177974&l=fe9215717260007a70&s=fe2d13707d600478751c72&jb=ffcf14&ju=fe2e167375640d75711576&r=0
http://www.amazon.com/Element-Surprise-Navy-Seals-Vietnam/dp/0804105812/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1304634342&sr=8-1
http://www.amazon.com/Lone-Survivor-Eyewitness-Account-Operation/dp/0316067598
http://www.amazon.com/Diving-Bell-Butterfly-Memoir-Death/dp/0375701214/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1312848167&sr=8-1
Political
Iraq Research
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Tawhid_Wal-Jihad
http://www.ontheissues.org/Drugs.htm#Barack_Obama
Congress Related
http://thomas.loc.gov/home/r110query.html
http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/vote_menu_110_1.htm
http://www.usdoj.gov/
http://www.issuedictionary.com/Barack_Obama.cgi
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?r110:75:./temp/~r110y7HfAa::
http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists
/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=107&session=2&vote=00237
http://allafrica.com/
http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/promises/??
Health & Exercise
Green Tea
http://www.teatrekker.com/store/tea/green/green+-+japan.php
http://www.o-cha.com/brew.htm
http://www.ehow.com/how_2080066_steep-loose-leaf-tea.html
http://cooksshophere.com/products/tea/green_tea.htm
http://whfoods.org/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=146
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_tea
http://blackdragonteabar.blogspot.com/2008_09_01_archive.html
http://blackdragonteabar.blogspot.com/
https://www.itoen.com/leaf/index.cfm
http://www.maiko.ne.jp/english/
http://www.mellowmonk.com/buyGreenTea.htm
http://www.o-cha.com/home.php
http://www.denstea.com/
http://www.theteaavenue.com/chgrtea.html
http://www.teafrog.com/teas/finum-tea-brewing-basket.html
For AP Biology, I liked Barron's and this book: https://www.amazon.com/Preparing-Biology-School-Pearson-Education/dp/0133458148/
The second book is basically an outlined version of the Campbell Textbook. I found it really helpful and easier to read.
For general ID there are three books I recommend for your area (linked below). I’ve used each of them and have many friends in the Mycology community that vouch for them. As what OP is saying, you will be limited no matter which book you get. There are thousands upon thousands of mushroom species and you’ll never get all of them. The way he pooh-poohed on books though is silly. LOL.
As far as psychoactive Mushrooms, you will definitely have better luck on the Internet. The one species I recommend you start out with psilocybe Ovoideosystidiata. It is probably the most common one in Virginia and you will have the best luck identifying it. I have been researching that one for quite a while and I can give you very specific indicators for location habitat and season dates. I’ll PM you those deets. Wouldn’t want them getting into the wrong hands 🙄.
Also I have much more active and recent threads for you to read up on for ovoids. The current ovoid season 2018 thread is very active. Actualy you will see me drop some bomber photos this evening. One of the first posts of non-cultivated specimen for fall 2018. Found some gymnopolus luteus also but it wasn’t much and far past prime. Problem with the other species the OP mentioned to look for is they are either not common or no potent or both. For gyms, you need to ingest a lot! Some people really like them and I recommend trying them once you find them, but unlike gyms, all you have to do with ovoids is find 2-5 caps and your already at an effective dose. We can discuss dosage in pm.
With caerulepes the issue is they usualy only fruit in fall and in smaller numbers than ovoids. Again, if you find them, try them. But don’t be bummed if you don’t find them first few seasons. I can give you a spot of two for ovoids I’m spring. It will be a sure fire harvest!
TLDR:
Get at least one book and learn the identification key. Look up ovoids.
Links-
Mushrooms of West Virginia and the Central Appalachians https://www.amazon.com/dp/0813190398/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_G5k4BbEB9FWRD
Mushrooms of the Southeast (A Timber Press Field Guide) https://www.amazon.com/dp/160469730X/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_oCl4Bb9E1RQT7
Amazon only has hard covered for this one. That price is ridiculous. Search on eBay and you’ll find one for 20 or less and soft cover.
Mushrooms of the Southeastern United States https://www.amazon.com/dp/081563112X/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_KDl4BbFTCT9D6
And here’s the most current actives thread for your area.
https://www.shroomery.org/forums/showflat.php/Number/25036526
There's a pretty decent non-technical book about this that will go into some more detail if you're interested: http://www.amazon.com/Lifes-Ratchet-Molecular-Machines-Extract/dp/0465022537/
Preparing for the Biology AP* Exam (School Edition) (Pearson Education Test Prep) https://www.amazon.com/dp/0133458148/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_apa_4weRBb3J6VSDV
Freeman and Herron's "Evolutionary Analysis" is a good textbook, with a section on measuring selection in this way. It is much heftier than we need for this course. You should be able to find a copy at the library.
John Gillespie's "Population genetics : a concise guide" is good, too. I found a pdf online for it here. He talks about the model of selection we are using starting on page 52. This is a much more technical treatment of selection, and Gillespie's writing is dense. There is much much more detail here than you need for our purposes. But feel free to take a look.
This book is great for technique and has some good swim workouts. 60 feet is a bit short but fine to get started. You're actually better off not pushing off the wall as far and really trying to get some good long strokes in. http://www.amazon.com/Swim-Speed-Secrets-Swimmers-Triathletes/dp/1934030880/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&qid=1377476163&sr=8-5&keywords=swim+training
Why have you deleted the post you did on r/neuroscience 18hrs ago?
There was literally a full discussion with people saying “we’re not doing your homework for you”
And
“The study doesn’t show if there is any correlation between the meds the people are already taking and the psychosis may therefore be defined by a chemical make up and induced by that rather than societal differences”
So, I’m not sure why:
Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge by E.O. Wilson
Campbell. This has everything you need to know about basic biology and some decent parts about some advanced stuff.
Much appreciated!
I actually plan to study medicine myself, and I've seen the flashcard flow chart. From your post, I take it you recommend beginning with zanki, and thus relying on Pathoma and Sketchy?
It'll be a few years until I'll start studying, but I've been thinking about—as a primer—doing Incremental Reading on these first.
Dunno what you think about that?
https://www.amazon.com/Official-Subject-Biology-Study-College/dp/1457309203/ref=sr_1_5?keywords=sat+biology&qid=1556221844&s=gateway&sr=8-5
This book by the College Board has two official, previously administered subject tests.
Other than that, I read the Barron's, and that was sufficient for me to get an 800.
There are some practice tests floating around online, but almost all of these are unofficial and unrealistic in my opinion.
a University intro to BIO textbook would be helpful.
amazon link
*edit: thats the book they use at my UNI, its pretty simple.
With regards to the blog post:
Your point was to create a distinction between students and working social scientists, which is unfounded given the highlighted segment of the post.
With regards to using personal experience as evidence:
I brought it up once, to meet you half on your emphasis on personal experiences. It was not intended as evidence or proof or anything of that sort.
I am not so foolish as to think my own experiences are inherently generalizable.
With regards to having no sources:
At the moment I have three, and to counter I have "No, I've seen different".
But alright, if you wish more:
http://www.amazon.ca/Third-Culture-Beyond-Scientific-Revolution/dp/0684823446
https://www.dukeupress.edu/Science-Wars/index-viewby=author&lastname=Aronowitz&firstname=Stanley&middlename=&sort=newest&aID=1472866.html
http://www.amazon.com/Consilience-Knowledge-Edward-Osborne-Wilson/dp/067976867X
Anyway, this discussion has clearly become pointless. You refuse to acknowledge any evidence that doesn't fit into your personal narrative and keep attempting to assert what I'm saying is ridiculous to dismiss my point.
But on the plus side, your argumentation has fully convinced me you're a social scientist.
It looks like a lot more people here need to read: http://www.amazon.com/Consilience-Knowledge-Edward-Osborne-Wilson/dp/067976867X/
CONSILIENCE - Edward O. Wilson IS the answer to your question.
After reading the other comments, there is nothing that is BETTER at explaining social AND scientific history in combination with each other than this book alone. PLEASE do check it out, it is one of my absolute favorites and I have gifted it many times to both social and scientific students and employees.
Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge
Personally, I have had more success focusing on what the arms should be doing rather than focusing on what the elbow shouldn't be doing. You want to "reach over the barrel" and put your forearm and hand in a position where they can act as a paddle, pulling straight back. When your elbow drops, you are pushing down on the water as much as pulling back.
Different visualizations,cues, and drills click for different people. By far my favorite resource on developing a strong pull (which centers around a high elbow catch) is this book:
http://www.amazon.com/Swim-Speed-Secrets-Swimmers-Triathletes/dp/1934030880/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1369332046&sr=8-3&keywords=sheila+taormina
I would recommend looking up "high elbow catch" on youtube. There are many excellent instructional videos out there. I'd also recommend looking at videos of elite swimmers, like this guy:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XvM3JYC--hM
Or any of the swimmers here:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G52cmjq7wsc
You are right that limited flexibility can hinder the correct pulling position. You will get more flexible just by swimming, but you can also do stretches out of the pool to improve flexibility quicker. The book I linked to mentions some of these stretches. This is also a good protocol:
http://www.usaswimming.org/ViewMiscArticle.aspx?TabId=1939&mid=9757&ItemId=5179
"Clinical Microbiology Made Ridiculously Simple"
was very helpful through my MLS program, the ASCP generalist exam, and still as a reference at the bench. Here's an Amazon link:
https://www.amazon.com/dp/1935660152/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_awdb_t1_todeBbCRTCF6J
I used the most underrated but best reviewbook ever (Pearson) + Barron's
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0133458148/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o04_s01?ie=UTF8&psc=1
If anything, get the first one's newest edition (if there is one) because the authors of this book specifically pulled out main ideas from the campbell book that the test will test
Hey man, I'm just summarizing my textbook.
You'll have to take it up with them.
http://www.amazon.com/Biology-Book-CD-ROM-Neil-Campbell/dp/080537146X/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&qid=1449431613&sr=8-6&keywords=Biology+text+book
Here's the one I used
The methodology and approach here reminds me of E.O. Wilson's concept (and book), called "Consilience" - which concerns the unity of disparate forms of knowledge (e.g. science and religion). Also: The wiki for Consilience. Speaking of book signing, I actually got my copy of Consilience signed by Wilson and he inscribed a cute little ant as his signature (he is an entomologist). Edit: I forwarded Rick the link to this thread. Would be great if he stopped by.
http://www.amazon.com/Evolutionary-Analysis-Scott-Freeman/dp/0132275848
Just finished my course in evolution. This very subject was highlighted to better understand evolution and how complicated it actually is. i.e. what seems evident, but isn't really so or isn't supported using science.
Why try to rip people off OP? These are clearly worth $5 max on Amazon.