(Part 2) Best organic evolution books according to redditors
We found 213 Reddit comments discussing the best organic evolution books. We ranked the 27 resulting products by number of redditors who mentioned them. Here are the products ranked 21-40. You can also go back to the previous section.
http://www.amazon.com/Darwins-Ghost-Origin-Species-Updated/dp/0375501037
This book is the reason why I chose Ecology and Evolutionary Biology as my major.
alfred korzybski, developer of general semantics
gregory bateson..."a British anthropologist, social scientist, linguist, visual anthropologist, semiotician and cyberneticist whose work intersected that of many other fields."
noam chomsky(his linguistics stuff, not his political stuff - though you might enjoy that too)
benjamin lee whorf, developer of the concept of linguistic relativity
also i would recommend some ken wilber. his philosophy has a spiritual component you may or may not like, but his overall model is quite comprehensive and worthwhile. his broadest, most academic work is 'sex, ecology, and spirituality', but you could get a quick broad exposure of the same material with 'a brief history of everything'
I'm in the same boat as you and just started reading a lot of science stuff.
It might be a good idea to pick up an edition of The Best American Science [and Nature] Writing for lots of topics all at once.
I also second the Brian Greene books, early Dawkins, and The Red Queen. But I don't really understand all the Hofstadter hype... I really didn't like I Am a Strange Loop--I found it extremely poorly written, off-topic, at times pretentious, poorly constructed, and overall not a very pleasant experience.
Most of my interest is in biology and evolution, so my recommendations would be:
My favorite animal rights book: Created From Animals - Rachels
A really fun read about poisonous plants: Wicked Plants - Stewart
Another Stewart book about earthworms: The Earth Moved - Stewart
Also anything by Michael Pollan, and to complement that, Animal, Vegetable, Miracle by Barbara Kingsolver.
Now available for 10 quid at Amazon. Just ordered. Yay :)
Preaching to the choir though... :\
I traded this for the pamphlet last time JWs came to my door. Do you find humor in it like I do, or would you be offended?
I want to stop you here to make it clear I agree with almost half of what you've written. Specifically:
Now for the parts I disagree with.
> The problem for you is that the very definition of "deleterious" with regard to fitness is that it is selected against via natural selection.
What you're not understanding is that if the rate is too high, as it is in reptiles, birds, and mammals, deleterious mutations arrive faster than selection can remove them. From a paper last year, "mutations must be kept at a very low level to maintain genome integrity and yet must be frequent enough to support evolutionary change."
And you can calculate what rate is too high. According to High genomic deleterious mutation rates in hominids, (Nature, 1999)
They worry about a deleterious rate of U much greater than 1 as being prohibitively high and we're talking about it being 6-20+, since we now know the functional genome is much larger than we thought it was in 1999. Taking their Poisson probability distribution and using U=6, that means 1-e^-6 = 99.752% of the population will have to be selected away each generation for two lucky enough to have no deleterious mutations to survive and maintain constant population size. That would require on average about 806 offspring per female--impossible for most mammals, birds, and reptiles.
> If a thousand tiny deleterious mutations that are almost inconsequential occur and ONE of them being existent in the population provides the phenotype needed to survive a major environmental change then ALL of them were justified and the mechanism that lead to such a large rate of detrimental mutations was itself beneficial.
This still decreases the size of the functional genome. Those thousand deleterious mutations are replacing specific code with random noise. Supposing they have little effect on fitness because they aren't needed under most of the common selective pressures (likely), if evolution reduces in this manner that does not explain how they could have arisen in the first place.
I feel like I need to cite some papers here so you know I'm not just blowing smoke.
The third paper is from John Sanford, a Cornell geneticist whose invention of the gene gun led to most of the world's GM crops. He converted from atheism to creationism partly because of this problem. Mendel's Accountant, the free/open source program his team wrote for the simulation, is peer reviewed and used/cited by other researchers. You can try it yourself and reproduce their results.
Minor points
> HOWEVER, that allele will never achieve a majority share of the population
It doesn't have to and it's unlikely the deleterious alleles will. Everyone deteriorates in their own way.
> Are you saying that all mutations to such sections of the genome are necessarily detrimental?
Almost all within these regions of high functional specificity are either detrimental or neutral. In flies: "among all 91 genes, the expected average proportion of deleterious amino acid polymorphisms in samples is 0.70 ± 0.06. These results again support the widely held belief that most amino acid polymorphisms are deleterious". Also, "30–50% of single amino acid mutations [within protein coding regions] are strongly deleterious, 50–70% are neutral or slightly deleterious and 0.01–1% are beneficial.". So about 70% are deleterious, 30% neutral, and a very small percentage are beneficial.
> Are you assuming that these functions cannot ever change in any way without critically damaging the organism?
If common descent is true, to be conserved between species over tens of millions of years means that there weren't any selective pressures that came up during that time where they were beneficial. Critical damage--no. Most are likely only very slightly damaging.
> Eliminating? Why are you always assuming loss of material?
I don't mean removed. I mean a sequence with high specificity required for its function (such as protein folding, a binding site, a stop codon, etc.) being replaced with random noise.
here you go