Comprehensive List of Books Relating to Music Production and Creative Growth

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On Composition:

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Making Music: 74 Creative Strategies - Dennis DeSantis
Amazon Link
This is a fantastic book. Each page has a general idea on boosting creativity, workflow, and designing sounds and tracks.


Music Theory for Computer Musicians - Michael Hewitt
Amazon Link
Really easy to digest book on music theory, as it applies to your DAW. Each DAW is used in the examples, so it is not limited to a specific program. Highly recommend this for someone starting out with theory to improve their productions.


Secrets of Dance Music Production - David Felton
Amazon Link
This book I recently picked up and so far it's been quite good. It goes over all the different elements of what make's dance music, and get's quite detailed. More geared towards the beginner, but it was engaging nonetheless. It is the best 'EDM specific' production book I have read.


Ocean of Sound - David Troop
Amazon Link

Very well written and interesting book on ambient music. Not only does David go over the technical side and history of ambiance and musical atmospheres, he speaks very poetically about creating these soundscapes and how they relate to our interpersonal emotions.


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On Audio Engineering:

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Mixing Secrets for the Small Studio - Mike Senior
Amazon Link
In my opinion, this is the best mixing reference book for both beginners and intermediate producers. Very in-depth book that covers everything from how to set-up for accurate listening to the purpose of each mixing and mastering plug-in. Highly recommended.


Zen and the Art of Mixing - Mixerman
Amazon Link
Very interesting read in that it deals with the why's more than the how's. Mixerman, a professional audio engineer, goes in detail to talk about the mix engineer's mindset, how to approach projects, and how to make critical mixing decisions. Really fun read.


The Mixing Engineer's Handbook - Bobby Owinski
Amazon Link
This is a fantastic companion book to keep around. Not only does Owinski go into great technical detail, he includes interviews from various audio engineers that I personally found very helpful and inspiring.


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On the Industry:

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All You Need to Know About the Music Business - Donald S. Passman
Amazon Link
This book is simply a must read for anyone hoping to make a professional career out of music, anyone wanting to start their own record label, or anyone interested in how the industry works. It's a very informative book for any level of producer, and is kept up-to-date with the frequent revisions. Buy it.


Rick Rubin: In the Studio - Jake Brown
Amazon Link
Very interesting read that is a semi-biographical book on Rick Rubin. It is not so personal as it is talking about his life, experiences, and processes. It does get quite technical when referring to the recording process, but there are better books for technical info. This is a fun read on one of the most successful producers in history.


Behind the Glass - Howard Massey
Amazon Link
A collection of interviews from a diverse range of musicians who speak about creativity, workflows, and experiences in the music industry. Really light, easy to digest book.


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On Creativity:

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The War of Art - Steven Pressfield
Amazon Link
This is a must-read, in my opinion, for any creative individual. It is a very philosophical book on dealing with our own mental battles as an artist, and how to overcome them. Definitely pick this one up, all of you.


This is Your Brain on Music - Daniel S. Levitin
Amazon Link
A book written by a neurologist on the psychology of music and what makes us attached to it. It's a fairly scientific book but it is a very rewarding read with some great ideas.


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On Personal Growth and Development:

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How to Win Friends and Influence People - Dale Carnegie
Amazon Link
Although this seems like an odd book for a music producer, personally I think this is one of the most influential books I've ever read. Knowing how to be personable, effectively network, and form relationships is extremely important in our industry. Whether it be meeting and talking to labels, meeting other artists, or getting through to A&R, this book helps with all these areas and I suggest this book to all of you.


7 Habits of Highly Effective People - Stephen R. Covey
Amazon Link
Similar to the recommendation above, although not directly linked to music, I assure you reading this book will change your views on life. It is a very engaging and practical book, and gets you in the right mindset to be successful in your life and music career. Trust me on this one and give it a read.


Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience - Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
Amazon Link
You know the feeling when you're really in the groove of jamming out and all worries tend to slip away for those moments? That is the 'Optimal Experience' according to the author. This book will teach you about that experience, and how to encourage and find it in your work. This is a very challenging, immersive, and enlightening read, which deals with the bigger picture and finding happiness in your work and life. Very inspiring book that puts you in a good mindset when you're doing creative work.


The Art of Work - Jeff Goins
Amazon Link
A very fascinating book that looks at taking your passion (music in our case) and making the most of it. It guides you on how to be successful and turn your passion into your career. Some very interesting sections touching on dealing with failure, disappointment, and criticism, yet listening to your intuition and following your passion. Inspiring and uplifting book to say the least.


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Happy reading!

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So assuming that all normal PC components are included (PC, display, keyboard, mouse), as well as monitors or headphones, this is what I'd do:

DAW: Cakewalk by Bandlab [FREE]

• Having a DAW should really be the first thing you look at. I don't use Cakewalk personally but I've tried it and for the price, it's unbeatable.
  
  Interface: BEHRINGER UMC22[$59]
  
  
• A very affordable interface with the very good MIDAS preamp. Great value for all of your initial interface needs.
  
  Mic: Audio-Technica AT2020 [$99]
  
  
• Again, a very affordable, but decent, mic. As it's a large diaphragm condenser, it's extremely versatile and will sound great on everything from guitar to vocals.
  
  MIDI Controller: Alesis VMini [$49]
  
  
• For the budget, you'd only need a basic midi controller and Alesis is a tried and true brand in this price segment.
  
  VSTs/Plugins:
  I'd try to get by using as many free VSTs, as well as what's included in Cakewalk. Here's a list of decent free stuff that'd get you started:
  
  Guitar amp sims: LePuo free collection [FREE]
  
  
• LePou is really the gold standard of free guitar plugins. With a bit of tweaking, they sound great. I'd definitely pair them with the TSE Audio TS-808 tubescreamer (also free).
  
  Drum sim: MT Power Drum Kit [FREE]
  
  
• A Steven Slate-style drum VST with good samples and a decent groove editor. For the price, you can't go wrong.
  
  Other plugins:
  
  
• For synths, effects and other plugins, VST4FREE is your friend. They have a great selection of free stuff.
  
  Assuming your PC is relatively recent and has enough horsepower to run a production suite, and you have monitors/headphones that are fine for mixing, this would be a great place to start out. Also, even after buying extras like cables, mic stands, pop filters etc, I'd say you have about $200-250 left for whatever genre specific stuff you'd want - whether it be a used guitar, a second mic (such as the Shure SM57 [$95]) or a second hand hardware synthesizer, for instance.

Hey, I kinda know this feeling. For a while, I'd wake up, look at my home-studio setup, and think "wow, all my shit is broken." My mic cables would hiss, my bass had a hum that I couldn't explain, guitar needed new strings, computer kept overheating...no fun. The solution was to get better XLR cables (not the cheap Chinese ones I had), replace the 9 volt in my bass/get a better instrument cable (other one had electrical tape everywhere), and use effects more conservatively.

And I understand the frustration with not having money for gear. I couldn't afford an interface for a while, so I tried singing into my digital point-and-shoot camera. I had to literally scream to be heard, and it sucked. Yeah, great musicians can rock terrible gear, but the gear you have has to at least, you know...work.

What I'd do is work, busk, or play open mics, and buy a midi controller of some type. Maybe something like this.

Hook it up to Reaper (very similar to ProTools, costs $60 for a license, but is like Winrar in that you can use it for free indefinitely.) Look up tutorials on YouTube to learn it, plus read the manual (it's basically the Reaper Bible, and it's huge). Also, the Reaper Forums and Reaper sub-reddit are great for specific troubleshooting.

Get some VSTs (plugins) to experiment with synth sounds and effects. Alchemy Player is free, Tyrell N6 is free, and Bedroom Producers Blog has hundreds of others. Uproar24 is a great YouTube channel for hearing VST demos, and usually feature all the ones from Bedroom Producers Blog.

I've copied this a few times, but I think it's helpful, so I'll share it. It's a list of some of my favorite free synths and whatnot:

• Tyrell N6
  
• Synth 1
  
• Keyzone
  
• CVPiano
  
• VS Upright 1
  
• Kontakt 5 Player
  
• Magix Independence Free
  
• Alchemy Player
  
• DSK VSTis
  
• C700 - perfect SNES chip replica
  
• Magical 8-bit
  
• Micromoon
  
• GTG 44 S
  
• Elektrostudio VSTi pack
  
• Proteus
  
• Saturn V
  
• COMBO V
  
• VL-122
  
• VB3 Tonewheel Organ
  
• SuperTron 2
  
• TAL - Bassline
  
• TAL - Elek7ro
  
• TAL - Noisemaker
  
• Cannabis Vocoder
  
  For simple drums, TS-808 will get you some nice 808 sounds (obviously). If you're willing to learn how to work a drum sampler, though, your options will be much bigger. You load up the sample files into the sampler, and then assign them to keys/pads on your controller to play them. Easiest free one I've found is Short Circuit.
  
  
  And here's a great place for drum samples to use in Short Circuit or a sampler of your choice. Over 300 sample-packs, all contributions from site visitors, all legal, all good quality.
  
  If you're lacking inspiration, The Recording Revolution and Brian Eno's "oblique strategies" have always been helpful to me.
  
  Oh. And some tips on recording in an apartment (I record in a noisy downtown place): make as much of it electric as possible. Play an electric guitar through an interface with a digital amp, DI bass, play synth, use headphones instead of monitors...basically try to get it all into a computer. Acoustic instruments usually require mics (which will also pick up traffic, sirens, and noisy neighbors) and are probably loud enough to annoy somebody. You can still do it, but it's usually really annoying in a busy area. Put off mic stuff as long as you can and then record those parts in the small window when noise is at its lowest. If it's impossible, fuck it. Just write songs that incorporate the noise and consider it ambiance.
  
  So hopefully this gives you a good place to start.
  
  

I'm assuming this is a be-all, do-all type of room that includes tracking and mixing. I'm going to give pointers based on a "perfect world" scenario. It's up to you to make the necessary compromises.

1. Your monitor position is not great for mixing or tracking; for a few reasons. You got the angles right for the ideal sweet spot, but the monitors are close to the front wall boundary. The ideal placement is somewhere around a third of the room length away from the nearest boundary (9' room length = monitors at ~3' from front wall). Setting monitors on top of a desk is also not ideal because desks will most likely move with the speakers, thus effecting bass response. Desks also cause bad early reflections, and monitors on a two-tier desk will be sitting approximately half way between the floor and ceiling (thus breaking our 2/3 rule again). My suggestion would be to mount the speakers on heavy duty brackets screwed directly into the wall studs 2/3 of the way up the wall above you, pointed down. You will be able to get a wider sound field without sacrificing floor space due to the geometry, avoid reflections, and get better bass response because they will be coupled to the highest amount of mass possible (wall studs + slab). This was my personal solution at home and I have pristine stereo imaging and excellent bass response as a result. This obviously isn't an easy option for most consumer monitors though because not all of them have mounts. The alternative option (although pretty weak) is to at least use Auralex Mopads between the monitors and the desk to keep the two from coupling. I've used them and you will hear an immediate difference. Acoustics are all about mass, and you either want as much mass as possible keeping monitors still or as little as possible to let them move. Two schools of thought, both of which have applications, but setting them right on top of a wooden desk is the worst of both worlds.
   
   
2. It looks like you have bass traps in the corners, which is good. Ideally these should be 4" thick Owens corning 705 or a mineral wool of similar density. Yes, you can stack two 2" thick sheets together to get the same result as long as you don't use the stuff with the aluminum on the outside. 705 is better than 703 for bass traps because of the density. 703 is good for mid frequencies, so you can save a buck and get some of that for the door panels, but I'd go with 705 anyway because bass will go through the panel and then through the door (assuming it's a lightweight interior door) into the hall, acting as another bass trap. Do not pack pink stuff behind the corner panels. It's not worth it and it kills some of the bass trapping.
   
   
3. The panel above the piano will not be doing much. A more effective placement for that panel would be to use 4" of 705 mounted parallel to the wall but with air space of 2+ inches between them. This will trap lows down to ~50 or 60hz, mids, and highs. Mounting the panels directly against the wall will not allow them to absorb low end. The airspace is necessary to stretch down to deep low absorption. Mount as many of these types of panel as possible in this sized room for the flattest bass response. Expect to have some pretty bad modes below 80hz without more bass trapping. Ideally you'd cover as much wall and corner as possible.
   
   
4. Lots of insulation around a room will make it sound pretty dead in the highs, which make be to your liking. you may be happier though by taping crate paper or grocery bags to the faces of your wall panels. This will reflect the highest highs, keeping the room sounding a bit less claustrophobic. It's cheap and effective.
   
   
5. I don't see any ceilling treatment or mention of ceiling height. I'd install (at the very least) a 4" thick cloud above the drum kit and above mix position to kill early reflections. Ideally you would cover the upper corners where the ceiling meets the wall with 4" bass traps as well. This will greatly improve clarity. You can never have enough bass trapping in a room.
   
   
6. If that's a closet next to the drums, I'd fill it with bales of pink stuff as an additional bass trap (yes, just leave them packaged and stack them up).
   
   If you're interested in where I got my information, I basically just followed any advice I could find from Ethan Winer, but a lot of it didn't make sense until I built my studio and ran some of my own calculations using this porous absorber calculator. I found it very interesting that a really thick layer of the pink insulation works way better than the dense fiberglass stuff at controlling low end for cheap. The reason people like the dense stuff so much is simply because it saves space, but it's actually pretty ineffective compared to say, 8" of pink stuff.
   
   If you plan on mixing in this room I would highly suggest the books Mixing Secrets for the Small Studio and Home Recording Studio: Build It Like the Pros, as they both go over small, existing room treatments in great detail.
   
   Good luck with your room.
   
   Quick edit: Don't be tempted to put your monitors on their sides just to look cool. If they have tweeters then they should be standing upright to give the best imaging.

God bless you, I stumbled upon these post and I am so glad I did, as of course we can all recall our humble beginnings, that being said, I saw you're on a very, very low budget; I will try and provide you with the best, low cost gear you can get; (Side point a decent recording studio microphone is more than 1000$, headsets around 500$ and the sound proofing panels go way up higher depending on the surface and the DAW "Digital audio workstation" would be around 1000$ usually more, not counting any VST's)
So before you go out and buy anything what you should have in mind is the purpose of your intentions; I worked for some years only using headphones and that get's pretty stressful, fast, but I found the best prices for the ones who can do their job and maintain a clear head; so here is what I believe you should try;

1. Buy him an audio box: I am using Presonus and I simply have fallen in love with them.
   AudioBox USB - http://www.presonus.com/products/AudioBox-USB
   They usually give you a free DAW as well, witch is nice if you don't have any, I never tried it, as I am working with Ableton live before I even used a sound card.
   I also found a pack that has a microphone/ headsets / and the sound card - https://www.pitbullaudio.com/presonus-audiobox-studio-recording-bundle.html
   
   From the original link: http://www.presonus.com/products/AudioBox-Studio
   So this could already be of extreme help as you can get a sound card/ microphone/ headset for only under 199$, I don't know how the microphone works or how the headsets go as well, I'm just pointing them out.
   
   
2. The headsets: I used them many years ( as I could not afford buying any decent monitors, witch should be your next investment)
   Siberia Steelseries v1 ( tho the model is so old that they do not make it anymore but you can have the better version of them, even tho they are what is called a "Gaming Headset" trust me when I say this for the money you can't have any better, they are right under €69.99)
   https://steelseries.com/gaming-headsets/siberia-200
   
   
3. The microphone - I believe you would use a condenser microphone that would work great with vocals and acoustic guitar as well, of course the electric guitar could be connected directly into the audio box for the final recording and with some great, decent, FREE VST's you would have the most amazing sound you could get, that being said, my choice would be: Audio-Technica-AT 2020
   https://www.amazon.com/Audio-Technica-AT2020-Cardioid-Condenser-Microphone/dp/B0006H92QK
   
   That being said; You can get the full pack of a sound card/ microphone/ headsets / for under 200$ or you could get the one's that I recommended but that would be more expensive but still under 300$; have a great day and if you have any questions, just sent me a message, wish you a great day!

Here's my two cents:

If you're trying to record drums, you can get away with just two mics, but you'll need a pretty stellar drummer, and a really nice sounding room. If you want to get a more dry, studio sounding recording, you'll need more than the Scarlett 2i2. You'll want at the very least, 4 inputs, all with mic preamps. Then you can set up a standard kick, snare, overheads setup and get a decent stereo drum sound.

As for kick mics, honestly, neither of those are going to sound great. You're best bet for getting a decent sounding kick is to replace it with kick samples. Kicks are pretty much the easiest drum to replace, and a lot of software has made it extremely simple to do it. When you blend in a decent kick sample with a room mic, it's pretty easy to make it sound natural and yet halfway decent.

For the mics, you really aren't going to get much cheaper than that MXL bundle. I would possibly recommend going to Monoprice and getting their large diaphragm condenser, and a pair of their small diaphragm condensers which will only cost you about $40 more, but will give you a stereo pair of small diaphragm condensers.

The one thing you're forgetting is that you'll definitely need to get something to listen to your recordings on. I'd recommend a pair of Sennheiser HD280 headphones for that. Since you'll be doing site recordings, you'll need some headphones that offer good isolation, can be tossed in a bag, and sound fairly flat. The HD280s are great for that, and they only cost $100.

Once you get the basics down, I'd highly recommend getting one or two Shure SM57s. They're pretty much everyone's "desert island" mic, and can be used for almost anything. They're $100 a piece, but can pretty easily be re-sold for $80 or so. Or you can go the cheap route and buy some ES57s for about $35 each. From what I've heard, they sound about the same, but aren't as rugged and indestructible as SM57s.

Just keep in mind that the Scarlett 2i2 - while overall a great interface has no -10db pad. A -10db pad is for use when you have a really loud (hot) instrument. Typically electric guitar.

With acoustic it's not nearly as important but you are a bit pigeon holed on what you can record in the future.

The 2i4 version has a -10db pad.

> I've been considering getting a Scarlet 2i2 (she will only ever use mic and a quarter inch jack at the same time), an MXL 770, and a Beyerdynamic DT 770 Pro 250 ohm. It would all total to $350, which is what I want the budget to stick around. Are there better options for my needs?

Overall this is pretty good 'best bang for the buck' beginner gear. Just a few notes on it:

For recording guitar AND vocals at the same time you really should be using 2 mics. The MXL 770 is fine as one of them (another good option in that price range that I prefer over the 770 is the AT2020, the AT2020 handles 'overly loud' sounds better than the MXL 770).

So if she's singing and playing at the same time plan on either buying 2 mics up front or keep in the back of your mind that this needs to be your 1st upgrade.

The 2i2 has great preamps and is widely regarded in the industry. As I said earlier only the lack of -10db pad is the somewhat of a gotcha. It doesn't have legacy MIDI DIN in/out but if you don't have or plan to buy legacy MIDI gear this is no big deal.

The Beyerdynamic DT770 are great headphones but keep in mind the 250ohm version won't work on 'consumer' equipment very well. It probably won't work on an MP3 player or Smartphone. The 250ohm means it needs a high power headphone amplifier to run properly. The Scarlett 2i2 (or any professional audio interface) is fine, but the onboard soundcard may not work well with these headphones. Anything that is running off a battery (like smartphone, tablet, or MP3 player) won't work with these headphones.

Personally I think the headphones are a bit expensive and not where I'd spend my money early on. There are other 'best bang for the buck' headphones you can buy. The other two items on your list are 'best bang for the buck' but the DT770s are kind of like 'beginner premium' headphones.

I think you are better off with buying $99 Sennheiser HD280 pros or $79 Sony MDR 7506 headphones and using the extra money on buying a second mic like a $99 Shure SM58

You have the grand total of what I know about stock music. I can give you advice about most else but I didn't learn anything about stock music until i was already out of the game and even then, not much. If you don't have it already, get this book by Donald Passman. Seems like a scam but it's really a great resource. a couple kids, some talent and instruments plus this book can be a pretty formidable force in the world. I don't remember him doing much on stock music though but I could have glossed over it in my young and zealous days.

My other key advice I give everyone (and I'm probably repeating myself - for good reason) is to meet people doing this. Nothing scummy, just network and make friends. You don't have to be all businessy right away. It's better if you establish real relationships with some folks. Plenty of time for less casual relationships later. Just keep in mind that these cats will be auditioning for a lot of the same work you are so keep the salt handy when the advice comes in. A lot of it will be genuine and helpful and in your interest but every now and then some sabotage (usually unintentional) will slip in there. Any big move needs to be bounced off musician friends AND non-musician friends just for balance. Usually exposes the bad advice.

I did a little research. I don't know this guy but this blog post seems relevant. He started out with no experience in commercial music and seems to have had more success than he anticipated. Lots of links and real world experience. Can't imagine you'll get a bigger boost than this at this stage. Hopefully some of the other commenters with experience can boost you too.

Good luck and can't wait to hear your work in a really great movie someday.

Good monitors are huge. Headphone sound is fine, but you want to mix using unbiased reference monitors so you know what things are going to sound like. Then you make sure it sounds good through headphones, in the car, etc. Even something like these will make a huge difference. If you've got some extra coin, go for something better. I found a pair of Mackie HR842 monitors on eBay for $250 (the old ones, not the new mk2 model). They're amazing.

You don't need more inputs than what you're actually using. If you're trying for a cheap home studio, your Apogee will work just fine. Just switch cables/inputs when you're recording something new.

But anyway. Here we go. What I would buy (of note, these are all Amazon affiliate links):

Mics:

• Shure SM58 - $100 (for vocals)
  
  
• Shure SM57 - $100 (for guitars/vocals)
  
  
• Sennheiser e609 - $100 (for guitars, so you can double-mic)
  
  
• 20' mic cable - $7.50 (2 for $15)
  
  Monitors:
  
  
• M-Audio Studiophile AV 30 - $85
  
  
• Auralex MoPAD monitor pads - $44
  
  
• OnStage SMS6000 monitor stands - $100 (if your desk isn't large enough)
  
  Bass:
  
  
• Tech 21 SansAmp Bass Driver DI - $200
  
  I've been out of the "assorted percussion" game for a while, so you'll have to use your best judgement for that.
  
  All that I've listed is $744 off of Amazon. You can DEFINITELY find cheap used mics and the Bass DI. Look for Gear Talk: Classifieds on Facebook, for example. This is all stuff that you can use today to get your home studio off the ground and functional. You also have $256 to spend on other stuff that you might need (percussion, surdo, etc.)
  
  Logic and Pro Tools are built from the ground up to be recording suites. Ableton, while certainly being a live-sound-first option, works just fine. Nothing wrong with getting your feet wet using Ableton, and switching over to a bigger/better suite later. I recorded my first EP using GarageBand before making the transition myself.
  
  Start with the basics. Start with what you NEED to record, not what you want. While what you already have is basic and not feature packed, it works and will get you in the game. (Related: stay away from plugins until you know how to really mix well with the basic compressor and EQ your recording suite comes with.)
  
  Hope that helps!

All shipping accounted for, and it comes out to be $981. I'd probably buy extra guitar strings with the leftover cash.


$125 Onxy Blackjack interface - Best preamps in an interface in its class. Simple coreaudio drivers.

$30 GLS ES-57 - Compares incredibly closely to the sm57, I've heard several mic shootouts online and was impressed.

$6 xlr cable

$229 Rode NT1A kit mic, filter, mount, cable - This is just a steal considering everything it comes with. I once heard a shootout between this and a u87 in a multi-million dollar studio, and I could definitely tell the difference, but I would not hesitate to buy this mic.

$38 two mic stands

$0 garageband - Incredibly powerful for what it is. Great plugins, takes au plugins, automation, limitless tracks, great instruments. I don't use it anymore, but when I knew every keyboard command and every feature, it was actually a dream to work with. Keep in mind that is it better than nearly any reording setup from 20+ years ago.

$98 sennheiser hd-280 pro - While these might not be the best to mix on, they are the best to track on no doubt. That said, I have been listening to music through these almost exclusively for years now, so I know them incredibly well.

$130 m-audio oxygen 49 - Never owned this keyboard, I have a dinosaur of a 90's yamaha workstation I got off craigslist, but those midi controls look so tempting, and I'm not that good at keyboard anyway.

$120 squier strat - I play a squier now that I got for free from a friend, and I am sure that I haven't pushed it as far as it can go. With a little setup, tlc, and eventually new electronics, they are great tools.

$200 project reflexion filter - I plan on getting the pro version which is $100 more, but in this scenario I would settle for the project version. This and using headphones to mix are my way of sidestepping acoustics and room treatment. Not ideal, but pretty effective.

$5 Guitar cable

http://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Engineers-Handbook-Second/dp/1598632515/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1311177016&sr=8-1

I have that one, I've found tons of useful info in it for mixing.

Regarding room treatment, I've found the best option is to just Google info about home studio acoustic treatment since you will find more tips from people in the same situation you are. I'm sure there are some good books but the ones I read speak more to people building a proper studio. Unless you are looking to drop thousands on properly treating your room, its not going to be perfect, so you may benefit more by seeing what other people are doing.

Again, ideally you want to prevent parallel, flat surfaces. Depending on the size of the room, a "standing wave" will form, it is a certain wavelength that re-inforces itself when bouncing between the surfaces, it messes up what frequencies are truly standing out.

The more "blockier" types of defusers will help dissipate lower, mid range frequencies while cloth and foam will help absorb higher frequencies.

My wife won't allow the absorption panels or defusers so I do the best I can by keeping the room full of furniture and stuff that act as natural absorption. It is FAR from perfect but I actually get a surprisingly decent sound in the room.

If you are using crap studio monitors then that will probably be your weakest link anyway. If you are using Yamaha NS-10's then you better have a really well treated room. So consider the studio monitors too in relation to your room.

Go to Gearslutz.com if you haven't yet. TONS of people with home project studios working with all kinds of music. You will find an infinite source of info there.

the 2i4 is a great choice, I've got the 2i2 and it's delightful, zero issues since day 1.

I'd recommend These Sony's for headphone monitoring as well as keeping a pair of desktop monitors on your "to buy" list, as headphone monitoring can hide phase/bass level issues among other things. That being said, those AKG's should be fine, particularly if you've learned where they add their own flavor.

I don't know that Samson mic, but since you're looking at condenser mics you should consider this Audio Technica AT 2020. I've been using it to record rap/spoken word vocals and things have been incredibly clear and bright, particularly when compared to the rode M1 dynamic microphone I was using before (Did not know what to buy when I got the M1, $100 lesson learned).

The Accessories you've picked out look good, tripod stand FTW, but what do you have planned for sound dampening in your recording space? At the minimum, I'd recommend buying a heavy duvet/moving blankets and hanging them in the area behind the vocalist. I have a very poorly treated room, but that duvet trick makes it sound like I have a decently treated room.

What pointed you to Condenser over dynamic microphone? Are you planning on recording the electric guitar clean from the 2i4, or will you be mic'ing the cabinet? Are the vocalists your looking to record going to be using a lot of dynamic range?

Linux MultiMedia Studio (LMMS) is another option, despite the name there's also Mac and Windows versions. It's more like Fruity Loops so there's support for audio tracks and loops but also sequencing for MIDI and virtual instruments, it comes with a bunch but then there's also hundreds of free plugins available on the net and hundreds more paid in VST format. It's a little more fun than Ardour I think and you can get a song started up pretty fast in it.

As far as a mic goes, Shure SM58 is pretty much the industry standard vocal mic but there are lots of clones too available for cheaper. With that you'll need an audio interface the Focusrite Scarlet Solo is pretty solid assuming he only needs to record one thing at a time. There's lots of bundles available though for cheaper if you look at the related products.

For a keyboard something like this Nektar 49 key controller should be good, there's of course more compact ones for cheaper or fuller sized ones for more. There's ones with more controllers like knobs, sliders and drum pads for a bit more, for controlling and automating plugins etc. If you have a second hand music store anywhere around you can probably score one for a lot cheaper.

So when recording vocals and guitar at the same time, like you'd like to do, the debate on what to do is really about how much control you want over editing in the end process.

- If you don't care about control on the individual levels of guitar and vocals AND want to record in one take with both instruments, all you need is one mic, XLR, Mic stand, headphones, and an interface to get the signal into your computer.

In this situation, you need A. and Interface that is cheap but not a POS because it really affects the sound of your recording. Behringer makes a cheap interface for 1 Input (microphone) and actually has a decent Preamp in it. B, you need a microphone and cable (XLR, Balanced) to capture the sound and send it to the interface. This area people could talk forever about, but for just getting the job done and a decent sound, AT2020 Condenser (Currently On Sale) is a great option for capturing both your voice and guitar. any XLR will do $10 or something like that.

- If you wanted to track the guitar and vocals separately, one at a time, the only change I would make is the microphone. Shure SM57 would do great for vocals and guitar individually. There have been many singles and albums in the rock, acoustic, and folk category recorded on these mics alone with fantastic results.

​

- If recording the guitar and the vocals at the SAME TIME is the route you want, it's definitely possible. 2 Input interface, Two mics, Two XLR's, Two Mic stands, headphones.

- a change in interface is needed from the first behringer to this one because they have the same sound only difference is the amount of inputs for ~$50 more. Next would be buying two microphones, both options listed above are probably going to be the cheapest you'll find with a decent sound. You can find packages like this on guitar center and other audio retailers, but the mics come with a lot of bad frequencies in my opinion, but hard to argue $99 for two microphones. get the cables, plug everything up and record enable two live tracks in you preferred DAW.

​

As far as the computer goes, Ableton hands out free versions of its "lite" program, and I believe you can record in that version. That would be the best route in my opinion for DAW, Reaper is a good option, I'd stay away from fruity loops if you are mainly just going to be recording audio.

Most of these solutions will put you under or around $250 so I hope this helps, if you have more questions let me know.

• Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 is a good start. $150.
  
• Audio Technica AT2020 $100ish
  
• Ultimate Telescoping Boom Stand $35ish. Stay away from cheap stands, like "On Stage Sound."
  
• Shure SM57 $100
  
• Mogami 25' Cable $30 x 2 = $60
  
  Grand TOTAL - $445
  
  I know you don't NEED two microphones, but, judging by the variety of instruments your man plays, he'll want the options of a condenser AND a dynamic. The AT2020 and SM57, I feel, is a better bang for your buck than the single Blue Spark. That said, Nine Cats has been generous with good advice.
  
  Best of luck to you and your BF!

Forewarning: I'm only a hobbyist. If you want more info, definitely go to the subreddits I linked as well as the resources in their sidebars.

---

Mic: $100

Shure SM58

Video of SM57 and SM58 sound test starts at 3:30

With either of these mics you'll need an XLR cable and a device to deliver phantom power to the mic. They're the same price but I linked to the SM58 amazon listing because that's the more popular one for vocals. These two mics are industry standards so you can't really go wrong with them.

---

Interface: $130

Shure MVi Digital Audio Interface

When getting your DAW, I recommend getting some sort of microphone amplifier / hardware interface. I'm not too familiar with the budget options of these but if you have any questions about DAW hardware and software, head over to /r/audioengineering and post in the appropriate stickies.

I linked to this shure interface because it does both XLR (microphone cables) and 1/4" TRS (Guitar/instrument cables). I highly recommend reading reviews and opinions about it to see if it's the right one for you because, again, I'm not too familiar with the budget options in this category.

---

Which leaves $170 left in your budget for your choice of headphones and other gear:

Mic stands, mounts, cables, and pop filters can be pretty cheap, get your preference for your work space. Get a floating mount if you're having problems with translation through the stand. (I.e. desk bumps, people walking in adjacent areas, etc.) If you get a wire mesh pop filter, make sure it has a bevel around it (I've cut myself on mine too many times).

My recommendation for headphones would be some type of closed monitors. Audio Technica M-series headphones are popular entry level cans. If you have any questions about them or how they compare to other cans, head over to /r/headphones and post in the sticky.

ATH-M40x $80

ATH-M50 $133

ATH-M50x $125

---

As for the DAW itself, any decent computer will work fine for single-channel recording, these days. If your computer can run minecraft then it's more than enough.

What's important is that your software and hardware can use ASIO drivers. ASIO drivers will help reduce any latency on the computer's side, which is really helpful for live recording and playback. Definitely read up on how to use ASIO devices for live recordings. Depending on what you get and what version driver you're running, you may have to mess with the driver settings manually from time to time.

GLS ES-57s. Essentially the same frequency response as the SM57 (the difference could be attributed to the grille, slight changes in the body), to my ears sounds nearly precisely the same. It's got a bit more of a high mid boost but I like that about it. This was one of the best investments I've ever made.

Those would be your tom and snare mics. 4-5 of these and you'll be good.

Not sure what your budget is, but the MXL SP-1 is pretty well regarded for their sound as overheads. Overheads are the mics you put on stands over the drum kit to, primarily, pick up the cymbals, but they pick up the rest of the kit as well.

As far as kick mics go, if you're low budget, my thinking is to just go really low budget and replace your kicks. It's not difficult to get a good drum sound out of low-end kick mics, but your budget may not allow what I consider the minimum. If you can swing it, I suggest picking up a Nady RSM-4 for the resonant side of the kick, and any arbitrary dynamic mic for the beater side of the kick. That way you can get the attack of the beater with the dynamic, and the thump of the kick with the ribbon. If you can't, or do not want, to swing for a ribbon, any typical kick mic would do, but in my experience a better sound could be got from just replacing your kicks by triggering with your beater side mic.

I'd be happy to answer any specific questions you've got about drum miking. I'm not good at just talking.

Not that I can think of. I just took mine out of the case, just the device and the USB cable. It draws power from the USB, so no power cord. Comes with some software too, but it's not a real DAW or anything really good tbh.

----

FYI-
The Akai MPK Mini pretty cheap (new) on amazon, btw ($100). Goes on sale sometimes (was @$80 at xmas IIRC). Same price on sweetwater.

https://www.amazon.com/Akai-Professional-MPK-Mini-Controller/dp/B00IJ6QAO2

White limited edition is back in stock too ($100). Only differs cosmetically, but some people like it.
https://www.amazon.com/Akai-Professional-Mini-MKII-White/dp/B01M13A6JT

Also, for the sake of diversity, the Launchkey Mini 25 at @$100. (New) Launchkey comes with Ableton Live Lite (a DAW). They make quality stuff, too but it's Ableton oriented. That's a plus because you basically get a free version of the introductory version of a great DAW. That's a minus though if you try Ableton and decide it's not for you (the major DAWs are all good, it's really preference at the high levels of stuff like Ableton, Logic, FL, etc).

https://www.amazon.com/Novation-Launchkey-Keyboard-Controller-LAUNCHKEY-MINI-MK2/dp/B00VVNOMGI

Mixing with headphones is pretty subjective, but there are some popular options that are sturdy and affordable.

The Sony MDR7506 is pretty common in professional studios and they can definitely take a beating. I had a pair last me a few years of every day use.

If you don't like those, check out the Sennheiser DH-280 PRO. They sound fantastic and were my go-to headphones for listening.

I highly recommend stopping by a music store and trying them out, if possible, and seeing which one sounds best and is most comfortable to you. See if they have any other options around your price range. Once you get a pair, it all comes down to how familiar you become with the music playing through them.

I second the KRK Rokit 5s. I have a pair and they have proven to be great reference monitors. I've had mine for years and I have no intention of getting rid of them. I use them without a sub.

I agree that nothing beats learning hands on but knowing the concepts behind your mixing decisions can go a long way, especially if you're first starting out. I'm not sure what type of music you're mixing but I highly recommend [The Mixing Engineers Handbook] (http://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/1598632515?pc_redir=1395118285&robot_redir=1). It was required for some of the classes I took in school for audio production and is really great for learning the fundamentals. It has a great section on EQ as well as over 100 pages of interviews with successful engineers that have worked with a lot of big name artists. Lots of tips and tricks to learn as you progress. It's a keeper. Another good one that approaches mixing a little differently is [Zen and the Art of Mixing] (http://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/B00BFUNZ74/ref=mp_s_a_1_2?qid=1395520967&sr=8-2&pi=SY200_QL40). Also you should check out this [Awesome EQ Chart] (http://musicwithoutlabels.com/tags/eq-chart/).

Why not both! The theory is the same, it's just the hand skills that are different. You'll probably find yourself gravitating to one or the other which is fine. Practice 30min - 1hour a day and you should pick it up pretty quickly. Tons of online tutorials for both instruments, just make sure you actually play along and do the exercises because just watching isn't good enough. Money wise you could get both a uke and mini keyboard for under $200 total.

​

Kala makes cheap ukuleles that sound pretty damn good. Their more expensive ones are good too, but no need to spend that much yet. Lohanu's are super popular and sound good as well.

Soprano is the more traditional size, Concert is a little bigger with a bit more fret spacing which is nice if you have big hands.

Ukes:

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01F543PAW

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B015XD4YLY

Useful accessories:

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01JI3XDDK

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B001QL1EZC

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07MC5TMJB

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01D1N49MC

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00004RALL

​

Midi Keyboards (Note: these connect to your computer):

Komplete Kontrol M32 (best software bundle by far)

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07N2VQ1NH

Arturia MiniLab MkII 25

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01MSNIVKE

Akai MPK Mini MKII

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00IJ6QAO2

Novation Launchkey Mini 25

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00VVNOMGI

​

Too lazy to do useful accessories for this at the moment.

The Arturia Minilab Mk2 isn't bad, but I think the Launchkey Mini Mk2 is better. I've found I don't use the knobs as often as I'd thought, the extra pads are a more than welcome exchange for it. Plus, it has easy-to-install drivers, works with most DAWs, and great feel on the keys for the price, too.

Make sure you get what works for your workflow. If more knobs are better, then go for that. If having more pads readily available without having to press any buttons is better, go for the Launchkey.

Another option is the Akai MPK Mini Mk2 but I've heard it can be really wonky with certain software.

I mean, the sky is kinda the limit. For a basic introduction into this whole recording thing, you can get something like the Blue Yeti USB condenser mic. Being a usb mic, it's a little limiting because you can't plug other instruments or mics into it, but it does pretty well.

I know Julia Nunes has been using a Yeti lately for her youtube stuff, and it sounds pretty good to me.

If you guys want to get more in depth, you can get something like a Focusrite scarlett 2i2 which seems to be the big thing that's going around and is well liked, and they even have a two tiers of starter kit, the better of which comes with a mic, pop filter, mic stand, cords, a copy of cubase, and headphones.

Hey man, don't worry about asking "stupid" questions, there's no such thing, and we've ALL been there before. I still seem to ask stupid questions at least once a day, and I've been doing this for some years now.

You have two options here bud. You can buy something like this which is a USB microphone, (similar, but not the same to what the last guy said) a really common choice for beginners looking to just experience recording into their computer, but the quality is still surprisingly great. It can work on ANYTHING. Guitar/vocals/drums/farts whatever.

The second option is to get something with some "upgrade" capability if you plan on doing this for a long time. That would be to buy TWO things, one would be an audio interface (which has preamps built in) which can connect virtually ANY microphone into it, which goes into your computer via USB. This is a great one of those, simple and doesn't break-the-bank But then you'd also have to buy another microphone, like the sm57 or whatever. If you did it this way, your interface could last you many many years and it will provide usually a headphone output, one of two mic inputs, as well as gain control and leveling. A little more professional, but an extra thing to buy.

If you have any questions feel free to ask.

Closed headphones are well, closed, behind the drivers. So the back of each headphone cup is solid. They let very little sound in or out and the soundstage is generally very close to your head. With open headphones the backs of the "cups" is generally full of holes allowing for air to travel (and therefore sound to come in and go out) which results in a wider soundstage. Linus will explain very quickly. (two minutes)

Honestly though, you don't mix with only headphones anyways, you use monitors (and headphones too), and open headphones don't automatically make for better mixing headphones.

The reality is, you should buy a pair of Sony MDR7506s. These are the fucking standard world wide, in the sense that they're in basically every studio on earth. They're not mindblowing, they probably won't rock your world, but they're good and they're reasonably priced. There are no open back headphones I would recommend over these for production purposes below $100.

Would I personally probably prefer working with HD 600s (good open headphones)? Sure, but that's more because I know their sound well. Would I work with the 7506s (good closed headphones)? Any day of the week, just like professionals all over the world.

You have a $100 budget in the first place so just buy the 7506s and don't worry about it until you learn more about audio. Even if you sprung for the HD600s you would need to buy a proper external amp/DAC to power them so the cost is even higher. The 7506s are $80 on Amazon and they're what you need. If you had $400+ to spend and were only interested in headphones for the purpose of mixing then maybe I'd recommend the 600s to you, but you should really learn more about this stuff before diving in that deep.

Here's what my setup looked like when I first got going. It was perfect to learn with...
Scarlett 2i2
Shure sm58 The mic is $99, but pay a few extra for the stand and cable.
Shure sm57 This is optional, but I had both. Remember the cable and stand. Honestly, if creative, you can make your own mic stand.
Sennheiser hd 280 as far as headphones, try not to get carried away with brands or prices. You can find plenty under $99. These I got on sale from GC for $79. Best bang for your buck imo. The main thing to look for in headphones are making sure they cup your ears.
Sony Music Studio Once again, I started MANY years ago when I picked up this DAW at a best buy. Don't spend too much brain power on which DAW to get. Some are WAY expensive, and some are "free". Look into Reaper too. Why I started out with Sony Acid was because they came with a quick reference loop library.

AKG-K240. They're $67 right now!

What I love about them:

• Been using my pair for +3 years, they still work! (albeit with replacement cushions/cable)
  
• open back, but still covers the ears. You can have a conversation with these on.
  
• the cable disconnects at both ends! meaning if it frays, you can replace it without replacing the whole thing. It also means you can get longer cables, coiled cables, etc. if your habits change. This may seem like a small thing, but trust me - buying an extra cable is a helluva lot cheaper than shelling out dough for a whole other pair of headphones with longer reach.
  
• I find it gives more mid/low range than most other monitoring headphones. Which makes for a more pleasant listening experience, but it isn't so much that you can't tell what's going on or anything. Just means you can kinda listen to regular music in them and still have a good time (which by the way, is highly recommended for learning to mix in headphones anyway)
  
  The one potential disadvantage to open-ear headphones would be that if someone's recording vocals on them, you might get some bleed from the backing track into the recording. But I haven't found that to be a huge issue.
  
  Personally I've tried the MDR-7506, but I gotta say I'm not a huge fan of the general fit or sound. Completely a subjective thing though. At the end of the day you'll have to learn to listen through them, like with any pair of headphones.

> I will be recording voice, guitar, mandolin, banjo, and some hand percussion, so I am looking to get a mic for vocals, and a mic for the instruments.

You want a condenser and dynamic mic, then. You'll hear people talking about the SM57, which is almost exactly the same as the SM58.

I'm going to recommend this bundle.
There are tons of comparison videos on youtube. The Blue encore 100 is almost exactly the same as the SM58, in fact some people like it more.
The Bluebird is a really great and versatile starter mic. Much better than the Sterling mics... Not even comparable, really.

Okay, so that's $320. Spend the rest of your money on a Focusrite 2i2 recording interface, which has the best preamps of the budget audio interfaces available, and some cables and stands.

You can of course save some money buying used:
Bluebird for $200,
used SM57s go for around $70,
2i2 is closer to $100.

Get an appointment with an audiologist in your home town. Get your hearing checked by them, and take their advice to protect your hearing.

Hearing loss is a one-way street. It does not come back. Protect your ears. Wear ear plugs in loud clubs, when using power machinery, or any other time you are exposed to loud noises. I use these for maximum protection:

https://www.amazon.com/3M-Classic-Earplugs-310-1001-Uncorded/dp/B00O8NDAXE

Buy a box of 250 sets and keep it handy. Stick several pairs in your car, your guitar case, your gig bag, your backpack (etc.) so that you will never be caught someplace loud without them.

For hearing music clearly when playing, I wear these:

https://www.amazon.com/Etymotic-Research-ETY-Plugs-Protection-Earplugs/dp/B0044DEESS?th=1

The Etymotic ear plugs don't block as much sound as the 3m foam plugs, but you hear more accurately. For the best possible sound, get a pair of custom fit ear plugs from an audiologist. They cost $100.00+, but are well worth the money if they will save your hearing.

Protect your ears. Source: 50 something musician who still has good hearing and has been wearing earplugs for 25 years. I have friends my age who did not protect their hearing and they now deeply regret it.

For vocals i'd recommend getting a Rhode NT1a. Pretty standard microphone and really versatile - http://www.amazon.co.uk/RODE-NT1-A-Condenser-Microphone-Bundle/dp/B0002PSCQM

You may be able to get a way with a Shure SM57 (for vocals) which is the industry standard microphone used for drums and guitars, etc... This will be your best option for guitar. http://www.amazon.co.uk/Shure-Sm57-Unidirectional-Dynamic-Microphone/dp/B000CZ0R3S/ref=sr_1_1?s=musical-instruments&ie=UTF8&qid=1452608377&sr=1-1&keywords=sm57

As for recording music into your computer, you'll need an audio interface. The majority of beginners on this thread are using Scarlett Focusrites. I'd recommend a Focusrite 2i2

If you want something a bit more 'all-in-one' then get yourself a Line 6 UX2 which comes with PodFarm 2.0 this will let you plug in your guitar and choose from a wide array of amplification emulation as well as pedals, modulations, effects, etc...

You'll also need a Digital Audio Workstation or DAW to record all of this into. I'd recommend [Reaper.] (http://www.gak.co.uk/en/line6-pod-studio-ux2/18736?gclid=Cj0KEQiA5dK0BRCr49qDzILe74UBEiQA_6gA-gBCk9lx0GnveFDFGFZYNA_DnIs7sX9ozCRg7TgEon0aAi1J8P8HAQ)

There's some great YouTube videos out there that will help you with all of this stuff. I'd recommend this guy: https://www.youtube.com/user/recordingrevolution

You should do some reading before buying anything. To be frank, most of the people on this subreddit know very little about microphones. Here's a book I've learned from, and a book I suggest to some of my students.

You will get lots of recommendations for SM57s here. SM57s are versatile and useful microphones. However, if you only own a small number of microphones, then they aren't the right choice for you.

SM57s are what are called dynamic microphones. These microphones are not very sensitive, and they change the recorded sound significantly. They also suffer from what is called the proximity effect. The advantage of dynamic mikes like SM57s is that they are indestructible, and they don't require phantom power. For these reasons, they are often used in live situations (because they can take a lot of dbs without distorting), and they are often used as snare mikes. They are terrific for those purposes.

As studio mikes, they should be one of your last options (in most cases). If they're all you have, then you can make them work ...

But in my opinion, if you only have two mikes, then you should have a pair of large diaphragm condenser mikes. The most popular, affordable, and common large diaphragm condenser is the AT2020, although if you have more money, my favorite versatile large diaphragm condenser is the KSM32.

Now, why a large diaphragm condenser rather than a dynamic mike like the SM57/58?

The main reason is frequency response. Condenser mikes exhibit much closer to a flat (natural) frequency response. This means that they capture sounds more accurately. Dynamic mikes, on the other hand, color the sound significantly, rolling off both high frequencies and low frequencies.

This means that condenser microphones are more versatile. They can be used in more situations, and in more pickup patterns. Ultimately, this is why, if you only have two microphones, they should be two of the same large diaphragm condensers (preferably a matched pair).

For example, say you are recording an album for a band. They want to mix live tracks and studio tracks. With only two microphones, how can you record a live show for any type of band?

The answer is, you use a coincident pair placed in the audience at the show. This technique will work great with two condensers, but won't work at all with two dynamic mikes.

Next, say you want to record vocals. To do this with an SM57/58, the vocalist has to be aware of the proximity effect (the sound gets too bassy when the singer gets close), and you will have to use EQ to fix the strange frequency response of those mikes (which is good enough in a live situation). This task is much simpler with a large diaphragm condenser.

I could go on, but I am getting tired of typing. You will get a lot of uninformed responses to this question. I urge you to consider what I have said, and buy two large diaphragm condensers like AT2020s.

tldr: Two AT2020s and an Onyx Blackjack would be my suggestion. Total = $200 for mikes + $150 for interface = $350

(I think one AT2020 and the interface might be good enough for you to start with)

When you say you're interested in ambient and techno you're dealing with so many different types of sounds and rhythms and beats that one single synth can't cover but a small fraction of sounds. The Monologue and the Arturia Microbrute are fun monosynths that can yield great sounds, but with limitations.

You don't list a budget but if you're looking at a $300 monosynth and want "natural" electronic sounds (I think I just had a tiny stroke) then I'd still spend the money for a good controller keyboard with aftertouch (and pads, and transport controls, and faders), then get deeper into a DAW and its included VSTs to make songs. Great options can be as cheap as a 25-key, $69 (usually $99) Akai MPK Mini II (here's a review) to a Novation Impulse 49 for $300 (with tons of other options in various numbers of keys, configurations, and price points).

If you're inspired you can do an awful lot with a little. MGMT created most of its first release in a dorm room using a laptop with a cracked copy or Reason

Your instinct would be correct (at least in my opinion). Make sure you buy a pop filter and a mic stand as well. An entry-level interface would be something like a Presonus AudioBox USB or the Focusrite Scarlett 2i2. I highly recommend the former (I have two musician friends who both have it and love it), also this bundle comes with the cables you need, some decent tracking headphones, and Presonus' StudioOne Artist DAW. So that's essentially everything you need right out of the box. I hope that helps.

I would highly recommend this audio interface for anyone just starting out. It's only $40 and the preamp is very impressive for the price. Is it as good as a Focusrite? no. But it's less than half the price, and very close in terms of quality. Definitely the best value per dollar interface out there. You can absolutely make professional sounding recordings with it.

As for a DAW I think the best beginner option is Reaper. It's does everything you want a professional DAW to do and it's only $60 for a non commercial license. There's a buttload of tutorials on Youtube for it which helps to flatten out the learning curve, and if you know Reaper you should be able to find your way around any other DAW that you may work with in the future.

That's $100 for arguably the two most important parts of your setup. I don't think there's anything out there that can take you as far for less (legally).

Well here's where it depends on what you want to do with the recordings after the initial recording. If you aren't looking to mix and edit the individual instrument tracks afterwards, you could use the 8 mic inputs on your mixer, and output the audio to your pc via a usb interface like the Focusrite 2i2:
https://www.amazon.com/Focusrite-2i2-GENERATION-USB-Recording/dp/B005OZE9SA

Now miking exerything up: You've got Bass and keys which could easily be lined directly into the mixer. For vocals, you're looking for a straightforward dynamic micropohone, a common workhorse is the SM-58 or SM-57, now at around $100 this might be more than you are looking to spend, but then again, you can never go with a 58 or 57. If you wand a good budget clone, I'd look at the $35 GLS ES-57 https://www.amazon.com/GLS-Audio-Instrument-Microphone-ES-57/product-reviews/B001W99HE8/ref=cm_cr_dp_see_all_btm?ie=UTF8&showViewpoints=1&sortBy=recent
For guitar, again the industy workhorse is the SM-57, so again you could grab another ES-57, and move on to the Drums.
You've got 4 channels left, so You're probably going to want Kick, Snare, and 2 overheads.
Kick drum you probably want to go with something with a larger element, and while nothing extraordinary, Cad makes a couple kick mics for around 40 bucks https://www.amazon.com/CAD-Audio-KBM412-Microphone-Cardioid/dp/B0002D0Q7W/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1474769856&sr=8-1&keywords=Kick+drum+microphone
Snare, grab another ES-57, as an SM-57 would be the go to.
Overheads, If your mixer can supply phantom power, there's a plethora of small diameter condenser microphones to choose from. For $100 you can get a set of Monoprice condensers and while you're not going to blown away by the sound, for $100, they'll be more than enough in this situation. https://www.monoprice.com/product?p_id=600700

Add in 6 15' mic cables at 10 bucks a piece via monoprice https://www.monoprice.com/category?c_id=115&cp_id=11509&cs_id=1150902 - 4 1/4 cables for the bass, keys and to go from your mixer output to the audio interface and thats about it.

1 - Focusrite 2i2 - $125

3 - GMS ES-57 - $120

1 - Cad kick drum mic - $40

1 - Stereo Pair Monoprice condensers - $100

6 - Xlr microphone cables - $60

4 - 1/4 Cables - $30


Grand total $475.


With this, whatever comes into the mixer is what you're gonna get, so you'll need to make sure you have all your panning, eq, and levels set the way you want them, because aside from some post production eqing, that's pretty much what you're going to get. If you're looking for individual tracks for individual instruments, thats going to take an audio interface with at least 8 inputs, and probably set you back 400-500 on the low end.

I don't think they would have a choice. The record companies have always been incredibly greedy and have made 360 deals pretty standard. I agree with you though. I would NOT sign one. Who wants to give a piece of their $ to the record companies for doing things that have absolutely nothing to do with them.. Hey guy, we own your music but but you want to write songs for other people? we want a piece of that too..your making a motivational video about excercising and want to sell it? We want a piece of that too! ....no thank you. I'm learning and learning and learning trying to figure out, make, dream up, try, test, etc.. new music business models where artists are now a brand...I can't stand the thought of music having no monetary value in the future otherwise musicians can never make a living. I'm halfway through this book:

https://www.amazon.com/Need-Know-About-Music-Business/dp/1501104896/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1511475778&sr=1-1&keywords=donald+passman

It is awesome and i'd definately recommend it.

Two things I'm finding extremely useful:

LinkedIn Learning course with Julian Vengard: https://www.linkedin.com/learning/music-theory-for-songwriters-the-fundamentals


Writing Better Lyrics by Pat Pattinson: https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/1582975779


Some people will say "write from your heart" but I'm learning that great songs have SO much more technique and theoretical wizardry applied throughout the process.

These two resources are just excellent. I've been a musician for 20 years and I forced myself to watch all the videos on the LinkedIn course - I learned useful things I wish I'd known years ago.

Nope, it would absolutely be perfect. Get a Scarlett 2i2 to start you off with a really nice, but basic set-up.

You can gradually move on from there.

Even just buying a second microphone, like a dynamic mic for other applications (plug for a SM57 clone) would make your versitility unbeatable on a budget.

You will learn a ton, and achieve pretty great sound if you work hard.

I think one of the best ways to get better is to watch youtube videos. Specifically for me I have enjoyed Produce like a pro with Warren Huart
https://www.youtube.com/user/WarrenHuartRecording/

Also check out any videos from people who show the before and after sounds of their mixes. It is a good way to hear what they changed and sometimes they show and explain their thought process. I think it is important to remember that mixing is full of objective and subjective decisions and you have to find what works for you.

Another couple of things I did that really helped my mixing is I bought the Slate everything bundle and it comes with a short mixing class, that along with this book by Mike Senior have really improved the sound of my mixes
https://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Secrets-Small-Studio-Senior/dp/0240815807

Quick note though I'd still consider myself a beginner and there could be better resources and advice out there but feel free to ask anything I would try to help!

Personally, every time i've tried to make music on an iOS device I've given up in frustration. It might be fun for fooling around, but the interface drives me crazy and makes me want to do just about anything else. This is just my opinion maaaan.

In terms of software, I'd start out with REAPER as a DAW because you can get started right away on your gaming rig for free. It has a 60 day evaluation period, which can be extended until you are overcome by guilt. You're going to have to dig around the net for free VST virtual instruments and sounds, but they're out there. Buy a cheap USB audio interface, and a cheap mic and start working on your own music. You can record acoustic instruments, vocals, and random sounds with one of those mics. I'd find a cheap pair of open back headphones for mixing, and use whatever closed back sound isolating headphones you have lying around for monitoring while you're recording.

I think the best way to learn music production is to force yourself to produce music on the regular. To that end I'd suggest learning about songfight.org, which is an online songwriting and production contest that happens roughly every two weeks. There is nothing like a firm deadline to inspire you to create. You're given a title, and you write, record, and produce a song with that title. People on the Internet vote, and there's a winner. Folks on message boards will often give you feedback on your song so you can improve. Also there is a podcast that reviews the current batch of songs, so at the very least you're gonna get some feedback from those jerks. Disclaimer: I am one of those jerks.

I'd be remiss if I didn't mention Reddit's very own r/Gameofbands which does something similar, and might hook you up with folks to collaborate with.

For that budget, you're gonna have a hard time getting a really good setup going. Not to worry though because you don't need a ton of money to have a decent thing going. First, I wouldn't get a USB device for any reason. There's no reason to limit yourself to whatever cheap electronics they threw in that thing. So that leaves us with needing a mic, a cable, and a mic preamp/interface solution. For the mic, I would pick a widely used favorite of the Shure SM57. It'll do the job fine of recording your voice and acoustic guitar. Sure it's not ideal, but your budget won't even let us get one. We'll have to look at even cheaper alternatives. Did someone mention the GLS Audio ES-57? It's ridiculously cheap, decently built (mine has survived a bunch of falls,) and best of all, it sounds almost exactly the same as a Shure SM-57. Go ahead and grab a $10 XLR cable, since that's about all you can afford at this point. If it breaks, you'll have to scrounge up another $10 in the future, but we worry about that for now.

Onto the interface/preamp unit. I honestly don't know that much about low end interfaces, but I can recommend the Scarlett 2i2. I have a Saffire 6 USB which uses the same Focusrite mic preamps, and they sound pretty damn good in my opinion. It's outside of your budget new, but you can probably find a used one without a problem. If you can't find a Scarlett 2i2 used, try looking up the Saffire 6 USB. The Saffire 6 USB is basically the same thing as a Scarlett 2i4, but with a few more features. It's discontinued as far as I know, but there are plenty on Ebay I'm sure. As far as other alternatives, you're on your own.

Now that you have a mic, cable, and preamp/interface, all you need is a DAW like Reaper and you're all set for recording.

Edit: no idea why I'm being down voted for this. Please provide some constructive criticism before just down voting without providing a reason.

Having two mics is a good call, but instead of recording vocals and guitar together, I'd would HIGHLY suggest recording your guitar in stereo with both mics and your vocal in mono with one mic (performed separately). When I started out, I used AT2020's which are very affordable and will sound okay until you're able to upgrade to something better.
Also, Reaper is a steal at $60. Use the trial version for a while and see if you like it...comes complete with all the basic, entry-level plug-ins that you'll need.
You'll also need an interface and a good pair of mixing headphones. Good luck!

A good affordable mic for vox and guitar is a Shure SM57. They make versions specific for vox and for guitar, but they are pretty good for both for the money.

​

It's a solid industry standard.

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But depending on your interface you may want to also pick up a Cloudlifter or a Dynamite to get a better signal.

​

Lots of people do just fine with the Shure SM57. I'd start there if I were you.

Cheap if you don't mind swapping cables:
2 input Interface (one mic one line) but pairs nicely with the mixing board I suggest below for more inputs - 99$ https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01E6T56CM/ref=s9_acsd_top_hd_bw_boEu3_c_x_1_w?pf_rd_m=ATVPDKIKX0DER&pf_rd_s=merchandised-search-4&pf_rd_r=EZHZBK8WK13BRVK7F6FK&pf_rd_t=101

Microphone - $94 - https://www.amazon.com/Audio-Technica-AT2020-Cardioid-Condenser-Microphone/dp/B0006H92QK/ref=pd_sim_267_3?_encoding=UTF8&pd_rd_i=B0006H92QK&pd_rd_r=YC9JK5873KG0PKYJ97JP&pd_rd_w=cB3Pr&pd_rd_wg=V6k1t&psc=1

Alternatively the Shure SM58 for vocals and 57 for drums are worthy checkouts at a similar price point.

MIDI controller w/drum pads - $99 - https://www.amazon.com/Akai-Professional-MPK-Mini-Controller/dp/B00IJ6QAO2/ref=pd_sim_267_16?_encoding=UTF8&pd_rd_i=B00IJ6QAO2&pd_rd_r=YC9JK5873KG0PKYJ97JP&pd_rd_w=cB3Pr&pd_rd_wg=V6k1t&psc=1&refRID=YC9JK5873KG0PKYJ97JP

You can spend your remaining $200 on:
Cables (xlr/trs) ($10-20)
Mic boom or desk mount ($25)
Pop filter ($10)
A second microphone ($99)
A pretty sweet small mixing console ($99) https://www.amazon.com/Behringer-Premium-12-Input-Multi-Fx-Processor/dp/B000J5Y214/ref=sr_1_1?s=musical-instruments&ie=UTF8&qid=1485406829&sr=1-1

http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005OZE9SA

Buy this, or any in the same Scarlett line with a higher model number. It'll work for Mac or PC

Plug a vocal mic into one of the inputs. I don't have any specific recommendations for cheap mics, but make sure it has these words: XLR, cardioid, condenser

The other input is for your guitar. You can use either a second mic pointed at the guitar, or if your guitar has a built-in mic or is electric, you can plug the guitar cable directly into the interface. Download the free Guitar Rig 5 Player to simulate amps and effects, it's pretty awesome.

If you are on a Mac use GarageBand, it's more than enough to get you started. On a PC buy Reaper, or Audacity will get the job done if money is tight.

Congrats on your first recording! Your friend is right about not needing to copyright your songs right away. That really becomes important if you start getting licensing deals and stuff. However, it's never a bad idea, just expensive. You should go ahead and create a PRO profile on BMI or ASCAP if you haven't already. That way you can use discmakers digital distribution package so your songs will be on Spotify, Apple Music, etc. You can do this all yourself, but since it's your first time I recommend using what they offer you.

As far as ordering CDs, most people prefer digipaks these days, and the first price point is at 100. You'll end up paying more per CD if you only order 50, so I'd gi ahead and get 100.

I recommend getting a copy of this book. I've been in the industry for 15 years, I still use it every once in a while. Also, it's not boring to read, so that helps haha.

Seeing as you are just starting out, I would not invest in that mic. Where it may sound alright recording vocals, a shure sm57 will sound just as good if not better (it is one of the most popular microphones on the market and has been for decades) then get yourself a simple interface. the m-audio fast track mk2 is a popular choice. All and all you would spend less than the Rode mic you planned on getting and the quality will be much better. Good luck.

This is sound advice.

If don't want to spend a ton of money, these are a really great value and sound fantastic.

But if you really want to have a great experience, go to an audiologist and get some custom molded plugs. Worth every penny.

AKG K-240 $98 right now, little more than you were looking for, but they are simply fantastic. Designed to be very "flat" across all frequencies, so great for production work. (Though that's always debatable...) Detachable cord - one of the nicest things about them. Bass is tight and very clean - I've never heard bass less muddy than from these - lows don't blend together. And mids and highs are nicely balanced.

I was looking for an interface a few months ago as well and eventually bought the Focusrite Scarlett 2i2. I have been REALLY satisfied with it and do recommend it highly. Its preamps have been praised highly and I also think they are very good and I am convinced that you get very good bang for your buck value! The sound quality is excellent, it's easy to install and a joy to work with.

However you should be aware of the two following points that get mentioned often:

• A lot of people have complained that it is virtually impossible to record an electric guitar directly because the input gain is always too high no matter how low they try to set the gain. If you are thinking about recording electric instruments directly (without micing up an amp) you should probably get something else. I haven't done this myself but evidence of the problem is overwhelming.
  
  
• The headphone out could be a bit louder. I record only acoustic music and volumes are generally fairly low so it isn't a problem for me, but you should be aware that this can be an issue for some people.
  
  As for the microphones, I have not heard good things about Blue mics at all from any reputable source. From what I have read they are overhyped and overpriced marketing fads with an emphasis on style and not on sound, similar to the beats by Dre headphones. I have no first-hand experience with these, so take this with a grain of salt but again: evidence seems pretty overwhelming. I can't say anything about MXL mics at all.
  
  One mic that gets recommended often as a general-purpose entry-level mic is the Audio Technica AT2020 which you can get for around 100$: http://www.amazon.com/Audio-Technica-AT2020-Cardioid-Condenser-Microphone/dp/B0006H92QK/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1426165287&sr=8-2&keywords=audio+technica+at2020
  
  If you want a mic that is generally in very high regard as a versatile and built-to-last mic, have a look at the Rode NT1A: http://www.amazon.com/Rode-NT1A-Anniversary-Condenser-Microphone/dp/B002QAUOKS/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1426165396&sr=8-1&keywords=rode+nt1a
  
  There is even a bundle with the Scarlett 2i2 interface available: http://www.amazon.com/Rode-NT1--Focusrite-Scarlett-stand/dp/B00JOOQPJS/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1426165396&sr=8-3&keywords=rode+nt1a

akg 240 cost 99 on amazon (I think I bought mine for 130 or so). My dad has a few other headphones in that price bracket and I still think the 240's sound better. I got mine about 4 years ago and they still work great. Super long chord and comfortable in my opinion.


http://www.amazon.com/AKG-Acoustics-K-240-Studio-Headphones/dp/B0001ARCFA/ref=pd_sim_MI_1

I recently just bought an Imac and had a similar issue. I ended up getting a Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 and it's worked out really well for me so far. It has phantom power, two xlr/1/4 inch jacks, and plugs into your mac via usb.(it also comes with cubase and a it's own suite of reverbs)

I was in a rush so I got it at Guitar Center for around $150, but that seems around the price you were looking for.(I'll post the amazon link for you to check out)

http://www.amazon.com/Focusrite-2i2-USB-Recording-Interface/dp/B005OZE9SA

I've also used garageband for years and just made the jump to Loxic Pro X. There is a bit of a learning curve to the new DAW, but not as bad as I thought and I'm really loving it so far.

Best of Luck!

Reaper's trial is full-featured, it just opens with one of those WinZip-style "Hey, please do actually pay for our program at some point" messages that you have to look at for 5 seconds or so. You don't need to worry about not being able to save or anything. It's also only $60 to buy a personal license anyway. (Here's the link, incidentally.)

As for the MIDI keyboard, I've been recording for about three or four years now, and I just bought my first MIDI keyboard about a month ago (the new MPK Mini, which I'm rather liking so far). It depends on how you like to work. A lot of people are all about playing things in live with a keyboard. Personally I'm very meticulous with my arrangements and have a high tolerance for tedium (not to mention I'm a terrible keyboardist), so I got a lot of mileage out of just clicking the notes onto the MIDI roll with a mouse. I have a professor currently who's an incredible EDM producer and doesn't even use a mouse most of the time, just the trackpad on his laptop.

So in short, you can probably go very far without a MIDI keyboard, if it turns out that your workflow is good without one.

I've read, and enjoyed, Izotopes guide. Their Guide To Mastering is also a great flyby for basic mastering.

Anyone who wants a real in depth look, I recommend "Mixing Secrets for the Small Studio" by Mike Senior:

http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0240815807/ref=pd_lpo_sbs_dp_ss_2?pf_rd_p=1944687642&pf_rd_s=lpo-top-stripe-1&pf_rd_t=201&pf_rd_i=1598632515&pf_rd_m=ATVPDKIKX0DER&pf_rd_r=0FHN1BXAFDMJ7D69KB5X

Enjoyable read, and certainly taught me a tremendous amount.

I like the Etymotic Research ER20s. The only problem I've had is cleaning them too much and some water got clogged in one, so it kind of sounds funny now. That said, they're still cheap and last a good while.

Been meaning to buy the Alpine MusicSafe Pros... they look very nice. They have adjustable filters and will fit under headphones.

Buy NICE earplugs now, ones that you can wear and not get pissed because you can't hear the music. This will save your hearing in the long run. I have permanent tinnitus, and it sucks.

And remember, engineers who don't protect their ears have short careers!

If you want to continue to use FL Studio, I strongly recommend you switch over to using a PC - you will always have problems with the FL Alpha/Beta/whatever for OSX until they actually make a fully native version (which is a day that may never come.)

If you want to stick with OSX, then yes, learning Logic or Ableton is the way to go. Both are great, and really won't take you that long to get the hang of. There are also some pretty awesome deals to be had for MIDI controllers out there.

That's not an audio interface you got there, it's a MIDI interface.

[this is a dirt cheap audio interface](BEHRINGER U-PHORIA UM2 https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00EK1OTZC/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_Jj8.ybTGSP7KQ)

So if you spent 50 on that and 50 on a mic (or 40+10 for cables or whatever else you need) then you'd come in right around 100.

The argument you run into here is very similar to most places where you have the option to buy a single item vs all its components. The single item will work well for its advertised purpose but if you want to upgrade, you start over again. Maybe you sell the old one to help buy a new one. Skateboarders, cyclists, guitarists, automotive hobbyists - pretty much everyone that cares deeply about the performance of their gear will prefer modularity.

These USB mics are mostly made for voice - podcasting, web chats, video gaming - that sort of thing. It will sound a hell of a lot better than say a built in laptop mic or something like that. If that's basically what you're going for then the modularity of a "proper" solution may not benefit you; in fact the complexity would likely just get in the way.

You won't do much cheaper than the Alesis, but if you want to really scrimp, you could try something like this Behringer. I haven't tried it, and a lot of people talk trash about Behringer, but I've had good luck with their mixers, amps, and rack effects.

Sennheiser HD 380 PRO are excellent at $125 on Amazon, or the older model (slightly less excellent but still very good) is the Sennheiser HD280 PRO which Amazon is selling at $78.

They're both studio quality headphones which provide a flat response suitable for mixing (although I'm sure you know it's no substitute for mixing with decent monitors in a treated room). If you just want something to listen to your music and you're not too worried about an accurate frequency response then something cheaper will do fine.

Sennheiser and AKG are the two brands that I would personally recommend.

At2020 is good starting mic for vocals as well.

Overall though in most not all cases you are looking for a condenser microphone with a cardioid polar pattern.

You will also want to look at a Pop filter and some sort of microphone stand.

Pop Filters help break up the sound of your S and P sounds so they sound less harsh.

Mic stands are needed to hold your microphone up. Starting out you do not need a real expensive mic stand get something with 3 legs that are reasonably tall.

If you want some more ideas I recently wrote a blog article about microphones over here

P.S try out Fruity loops before you commit to it Garageband is not that bad getting started. That and maybe try out some other software most will have some sort of demo.

Hope that helps!

The GLS audio mics are really good Shure SM57 and SM58 clones. I've A/B tested them and the GLS ones have a flatter frequency response higher and lower than the Shures. The quality of the audio is nearly indistinguishable in the ranges where they have similar frequency response. That will save a huge portion of your budget for other gear (get a better preamp sooner). http://www.amazon.com/GLS-Audio-Instrument-Microphone-ES-57/dp/B001W99HE8/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1373061154&sr=8-1&keywords=gls

EDIT: the Shure mics roll off more dramatically in higher and lower frequencies. You can mimic this sound (if you want it) by just rolling off higher and lower EQ frequencies. I've bought several Shure SM57s and a Shure SM58 and since I've discovered the GLS mics, I'll never buy another Shure mic. The build quality and sound quality of the GLS mics is as good or better than the Shures.

Can you make a recommendation on a beginner keyboard?

I played guitar for a few years in high school, and also took a piano class that I learned very little from. I’m familiar with making music, but never really learned theory or got into anything advanced.

I’m now 10 years removed from that and looking to jump back in. I recently got an acoustic, but I’d really like to learn piano and music theory, so that I can make electronic music sometime down the road.

Do you see any obvious issues with this? https://www.amazon.com/midiplus-AKM320-MIDI-Keyboard-Controller/dp/B00VHKMK64/ref=mp_s_a_1_4?keywords=midi+keyboard&qid=1562161755&s=gateway&sprefix=midi+ke&sr=8-4

I figure it’s cheap enough that I won’t get upset if I can’t dedicate enough time to it, but cheap enough to buy it right now while the motivation is there!

Thanks in advance.

People seem to get a lot out of this one:
http://www.amazon.com/Focusrite-2i2-USB-Recording-Interface/dp/B005OZE9SA/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1374601523&sr=8-1&keywords=focusrite+scarlett+2i2

And I've heard good things about this:
http://www.amazon.com/Mackie-Onyx-Blackjack-Recording-Production/dp/B003VZG550/ref=sr_1_1?s=musical-instruments&ie=UTF8&qid=1374601565&sr=1-1&keywords=mackie+onyx+blackjack

I personally use this, and have gotten a lot out of the pod farm amp modelling program:
http://www.amazon.com/Line-6-POD-Studio-UX1/dp/B001EKECAY/ref=sr_1_1?s=musical-instruments&ie=UTF8&qid=1374601587&sr=1-1&keywords=pod+ux1

Not shilling for amazon, just easiest place for me to grab links.

You can get Guitar Rig or some freeware for amp modelling if you don't go with the pod ux1. The pod has worked well for me and has no noticeable latency and records to Ableton just fine (although all should). Serves my purposes great.

Ok to start, let's get the music industry terminology correct. "Publishing" in music is the management of intellectual property rights for songs. Record labels are not publishers, they manage the intellectual property of audio recordings, not songs.

Rev splits are typically 15-30% to the artists after recoupment.

Don's Book is a good place to start.

Copyright is different than shares. When you get into royalties, the payout for any performance (radio play, tv airing, etc) splits between the writer and the publisher. It sounds like you guys would split writer's share 50%, then the publisher's share might be negotiated.

Copyright just protects your "property" legally if anyone tries to steal it.

Definitely read this book . It'll educate you on this stuff.

While there are some excellent books on the subject and plenty of online media, I would say the best place to start is wikipedia just to familiarize yourself with the field, the basic process, and some of the lingo.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_engineering

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_recording

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audiomixing%28recorded_music%29

From there you can move on to more comprehensive materials, such as this online multimedia audio course, or hard copy educational materials such as The Recording Engineer's Handbook or The Mixing Engineer's Handbook

Getting some mixing software would also be helpful. If you have a Mac, garageband is actual not a bad place to start for getting the basics of multitrack recording and mixing down. Otherwise, Reaper is basically the lowest cost fully featured Digital Audio Workstation on the market.

If you don't have the gear to start doing recordings yourself, you can always seek out recording stems to practice mixing with. If you don't mind industrial music, Nine Inch Nails provides their fans with multitrack versions of many of their songs for remixing purposes. See the remix section of nin.com. You'll need to register, but its free. Once you have the multitrack recordings, you can import them into your DAW and use them to practice balancing the mix, experiment with EQ, compression, panning, and what not.

Seriously though, can people start helping him instead of discussing why he shouldn't give a fuck? He asked a question, if you don't have an answer, give it a break.

These should be great some of the best for the price, and doesn't seem to use leather:

https://www.amazon.com/Sennheiser-HD280PRO-Headphones-old-model/dp/B000065BPB

I mean, what you're describing is essentially an audio interface, the $60 one I listed is probably the best bang-for-your-buck you can get in that department.

I did run a quick google search and fine this interface by Behringer which definitely seems WAY simplified and should meet your needs, but if you want to ever do much more with it than record one microphone, you might be shit out of luck. However, yes, it is definitely a way cheaper option

Picking up Pressfield's literature is well worth the money. Both his books that are being referenced here are great additions to a creative minds library.

Hey, thanks for the reply!

I'm getting this MIDI: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00VHKMK64/ref=ox_sc_act_title_5?smid=ATVPDKIKX0DER&psc=1 Therefore, it will not be coming with a DAW.

I've looked at Reaper previously, but I'm not sure how the sound selections are. VSTs? Is that what they are called? Also, not sure by what you mean by "software synthesizer." My goal is to be able to play my MIDI with access to dark, ambient, drone-type sounds as my bass.

I'm willing to invest in a DAW, as long as it suits my needs, I guess. I've researched online and there are just so many . . . I just want one that will be good for making these types of music: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXLi8pqbH7Y&t=328s

Awesome! I genuinely look forward to hearing it come together! I appreciate you being so receptive to the feedback. I had a feeling you were mixing in headphones (and most likely closed shell too). This can really screw with you, and is generally considered a no no. However, with a good pair of open shell, you can improve significantly. Eventually, I'd recommend investing in a pair of good monitors down the road (6" should be fine for you to start).

Until then, these are all solid choices, without making too much of an initial investment. I would recommend the Bayerdynamic, as they're just really solid altogether, but sometimes the drivers pop and you'll get crackle and hiss. I have two pair in my studio (close back for recording) but I've heard nothing but good things about the open shell (for mixing):

Beyerdynamic

Other options:

AKG

Samson

If you can get a Windows PC, there is a very good DAW which is free:

https://www.bandlab.com/products/cakewalk

You'd also need a way of getting your instruments connected to the computer. Here's a good (and very reasonably priced) USB audio interface. I use it myself.

https://www.amazon.com/Behringer-UMC22-BEHRINGER-U-PHORIA/dp/B00FFIGZF6/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1539773291&sr=8-3&keywords=behringer+umc22

So when you say "write out" a small horn section, did you mean actual sheet music?

If so, I'd actually recommend skipping the keyboard entirely and getting Notation software instead. If you already have an understanding of how to write sheet music you will be faster writing it, compared to trying to play it on a keyboard.

I would recommend looking at Sibelius First (Trial edition) or Finale Notepad (Free Edition).

If you still think you need a keyboard - yes, a MIDI Controller is what you'd probably want. (as /u/Lt_Pineapple has recommended) This M-Audio 32 key controller might work or a small Korg Nano controller.

I highly recommend you get a copy of Mixing Secrets for the Small Studio. It's a fantastic book that carefully explains what you're trying to accomplish when you mix and how to do it.

This Book helped me alot. http://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Engineers-Handbook-Second-Edition/dp/1598632515/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1334848899&sr=8-1

Great to read. Very good ideas how to find your workflow. cool Interviews with other Mixing Engineers. And it is cheap. There is also a book on mastering from the guy

I can't speak personally for this DAW but some people like it well enough. Well timed Humble Bundle https://www.humblebundle.com/software/the-beat-goes-on-software?hmb_source=navbar&hmb_medium=product_tile&hmb_campaign=tile_index_5

Behringer has this audio interface that will get you what you need for guitar/bass/mic for less than a new video game https://www.amazon.com/Behringer-UMC22-BEHRINGER-audio-interface/dp/B00FFIGZF6/ref=sr_1_5?keywords=audio+interface&qid=1565824932&s=gateway&sr=8-5

Have you tried asking people at your school what they're doing? Maybe someone wants to be a producer and is looking for someone to collab with?

Strongly urge you not to use a condenser mic live, particularly with cheap sound equipment. You're likely to get huge problems with feedback, and with your budget you could easily pick up a different mic and still come out ahead.

Secondly, condensers are fragile. You need to be babying the shit out of that thing when you move it around.

Here's my suggestion:

Get an SM58 in your life. With this you can go straight into your amp with the right conversion cable (bypassing the need for a more expensive mic interface).

If you can't run dual inputs to your amp, you can get a cheap mixer like so and run both through it into the amp.

This question is kinda too vague to answer. What kind of music are you making? How experienced are you with keyboards? What do you want/need, and how much are you willing to spend?

Assuming you're completely a beginner, I'd recommend this:

https://www.amazon.com/midiplus-AKM320-MIDI-Keyboard-Controller/dp/B00VHKMK64/ref=sr_1_4?s=musical-instruments&ie=UTF8&qid=1526281198&sr=1-4&keywords=midi+keyboard

As cheap and as good as it gets for the price. If you decide to invest in music more down the road, I recommend an Alesis v25/v49, or an Akai Professional MPK Mini.

Thanks! Any mic recommendations? I've been told that the Shure SM58-LC would be good for what I want to do, but I don't have much of a background in this

EDIT: Reading more about the mic, it seems like its tailored pretty heavily towards vocals, so maybe the SM57 instrument mic? But then would that have trouble picking up vocals?

I recommend the Sony MDR7506's. They're affordable, comfortable flat response headphones. Once you get them you'll notice them in movies and photos of pro studios, which I think is neat.

Behringer UMC22 is US$48 on Amazon. It will do.

Behringer Uphoria UMC204HD is the best bang for the buck. If you can save some more money you can get it for US$80.

Okay, so you would recommend getting this one, the second generation, for $150, rather than the $125 version?

Additionally, would you recommend buying equipment used or new? Granted, the Gen 2 Scarlet hasn't been out long enough to have used sellers.

I'd go with this:

1.) Yamaha HS80Ms ~$500

2.) Shure SM57 ~$100

3.) Gauge ECM87 ~$150

4.) Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 ~$150

5.) ART Tube MP ~$40

Then I'd probably use the remainder to get odds and ends like stands and cables, etc. But with that, you should be able to make some killer stuff. Industry standard dynamic mic, high-value U87 clone condenser, really nice entry level interface, decent tube pre, and the crowning jewel being those HS80s. You'll be able to record your guitars and bass and mix all your tracks easily with this set up.

Getting into audio recording can be expensive, but if you're looking to just get started you should probably consider working with MIDI. Try using Reaper as a DAW, it does audio and MIDI with virtual instruments. Find some free virtual instruments online. Then you should probably get a MIDI controller. I recommend the Akai MPK Mini. It's a USB MIDI controller with 25 keys and drum pads for percussion. You'll also need headphones, but maybe just start with whatever you have for now. Then you could eventually consider some microphones and an audio interface.

I always recommend this book as a good place to get a good start on learning to mix:

http://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Secrets-Small-Studio-Senior/dp/0240815807

For a great start covering the basics of Reaper specifically, Kenny Gioia's Reaper 4 Explained series is good.


For specific questions about a detailed task you're trying to accomplish, Youtube and the Cockos forums are good. (e.g., "How do I change the tempo of a section without stretching the audio?")


For info on mixing in general, Mixing Secrets for the Small Studio is good (as others have said), but I prefer The Systematic Mixing Guide for a more straightforward, concise and practical approach.

I read Katz's "Mastering Digital Audio". Great book with lots of really good info about properly using a computer for mastering. http://www.amazon.com/Mastering-Audio-Second-Edition-Science/dp/0240808371/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1334684096&sr=8-3 If you haven't read it and you're trying to learn how to master, this is a great place to start.

The thing about astroturfing is that you can never be sure which side is speaking truthfully and anecdotally, and which side is being misleading. I should have made that statement clearer, as it's not an attack on the Scarletts. I have never used one myself, and from what I've read, as soon as you start looking at the interfaces that are above $200-$300 all of the reviews seem to be from professionals that love them. Here are the 1-star reviews on Amazon, and here are the 5-star reviews. There are 250 5-star reviews to 25 1-star. Seems like a lot of the issues people have are superficial, poorly worded, and could be chalked up to user errors. Lots of amateur recording artists that don't know how to set up their I/O properly, rush to buy the best of the cheapest models and are upset that it doesn't make their mixes sparkle.

Astroturfing goes both ways. Sorry if that wasn't clear. I don't mean to shit on a product I have never used.

http://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Secrets-Small-Studio-Senior/dp/0240815807

About the first 1/4 of that book is about monitors, how to place them in a small studio, and things you can do to control room noise. This was the most informative part of the book for me.

The author goes off on a lot of tangents but its a very good book for general production knowledge as well. It clarified a lot of things I had a rough idea of.

I just bought a pair of Sony MDR7506s and I have to say I'm really happy with them - they are nicely balanced and not too expensive.

Plenty of people will encourage you to get a focusrite scarlett 2i2. At 150, it's a great purchase, and will be far cleaner (in terms of sound quality) than running a USB mic, especially if you're using a laptop (even with an SD, laptops introduce a fair amount of noise). This is what we'll call your AI, or Audio Interface.

http://www.amazon.com/Focusrite-2i2-USB-Recording-Interface/dp/B005OZE9SA

Next, you need a mic. Starting out, I'd recommend you look around on craigslist for some used mics, read up on them, then snap up something simple. That said, plenty of people use SM58s. They're reliable studio workhorses. At 100 (far less if used) new, they're fantastic. Next you'll need an XLR cable for the mic (~10$), and a 1/4" TRS for the guitar (she probably already has one for an amp). The scarlett supports 2 ins (both can be 1/4" TRS or XLR), so she can record herself playing guitar and singing simultaneously. So you're currently out 260. You might also consider getting a decent pair of closed ear headphones for monitoring (cheaper than actual monitors), but many people will argue on this point. Decent closed ear headphones are very expensive (~270 and up), but this may be going beyond your present needs. Let me know if this helps.

It seems like your problem could have two facets.

The first (maybe) is that your being too literal in your listening, and that's tough because you're clearly emotionally tied to that music. Try listening for principles, not specific figures. Don't listen to melodies, listen to phrase length in relation to harmony, rhythm, structure, and how that varies from song to song. Don't listen to solos, listen to where the solo comes from, what musical material is the solo being based on and how that functions within the context of the harmony, rhythm, song-as-a-whole, etc. Don't listen to drum patterns, listen to how a particular pattern supports a particular melody, hook, etc. The human brain is incredibly good at picking up on and replicating patterns. If you listen for melodies, solos, beats, etc. that's what you'll replicate and your music will sound much like that of which you're listening. But if you listen for relationships, functions, principles, you will not only be armed with a deeper understanding of how a music you love and respond to works on a fundamental level, but you will be able to apply those principles to your own music and grow as an artist.

Second, if you're throwing away ideas that sound both too much and not enough like your intentions, that's not not a musical problem, but a mental one. That sounds like Resistance. And Resistance is the biggest obstacle to any creative endeavor you will ever face. It it cunning - note the impossible double standard it has forced you into. Resistance doesn't want you to grow, doesn't want you to better yourself. It feeds off of you "rage quitting." I cannot take credit for the term or definitions. That honor goes to Steven Pressfield. His book The War of Art is one of the best I've ever read. It's saved my ass many times. It's a sort of cheesy title but in terms of impact on my life, it's this one and maybe one or two others. I'm sure I sound like some zealot missionary but read some of the comments. And if you can't afford the 10.29+shipping, PM me and I'll mail you my copy (as long as you send it back eventually). I've been where you're at and it fucking sucks.

Without knowing your budget, and given the all-around function you are looking for, I am obligated to recommend the Sennheiser HD280 Pro cans. For less than $100 it is probably the best bang for your buck. http://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/B000065BPB

I love these Sony MDR-7506's. I've seen them in lots of studios. Way better than those "beats" headsets that people pay hundreds for.

http://www.amazon.com/Sony-MDR7506-Professional-Diaphragm-Headphone/dp/B000AJIF4E

I LOVE mine!

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00DUKP37C/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o01_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B000AJIF4E/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o05_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1

I got the Presonus AudioBox a couple months ago and I'm very pleased with it. Definitely would recommend it. I don't do dance music, but if you want an idea of how the preamps sound, here is example of something I did. (SM57 on a guitar amp straight to the Audiobox)

http://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Engineers-Handbook-Second-Edition/dp/1598632515

In my opinion, this is one of the best books you can read. It breaks down the elements of the mix in technical terms, but still easy to understand, while also providing anecdotes from long time pros.

This was a text book of mine when I was going to school for audio engineering and I have kept re-reading it since.

Dude check out the free courses on coursera:

https://www.coursera.org/learn/songwriting-lyrics
https://www.coursera.org/courses?languages=en&query=music

The guy who teaches the songwriting course has a few books with lots of good exercises in. I'm currently reading https://www.amazon.co.uk/Writing-Better-Lyrics-Pat-Pattison/dp/1582975779/ and doing the daily "object writing" exercise. It's opening a lot of stuff up for me.

I learned a ton from this book. Good luck!

This is really similar to the poster chart included in Bob Katz's book, Mastering Audio. It's a good book to have on hand.

Behringer also has a line of affordable entry level interfaces like this https://smile.amazon.com/Behringer-U-PHORIA-UM2-BEHRINGER/dp/B00EK1OTZC/ref=sr_1_sc_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1479734610&sr=8-1-spell&keywords=behringe+rinterface

I have one a step up from this and for a novice who doesn't know any better I have to say it's been great for me.

Mike Senior from Sound on Sound wrote a book that I found really helpful. It tackles everything from how to set up a good listening environment to how to use eq, compressors, reverbs, delays, etc.

It's called "Mixing Secrets for the Small Studio"

http://www.amazon.co.uk/Mixing-Secrets-Small-Studio-Senior/dp/0240815807

This is the best book on the music business. It might be a little too law-oriented for your needs but it's the bible. http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1501104896?keywords=don%20passman&qid=1446768928&ref_=sr_1_1&sr=8-1

If you're in LA I'd recommend taking music business classes at UCLA Extension.

About 6 years ago I picked up the AT2020 and it's been serving me well ever since. I don't do much music recording these days, but back then it worked very well for acoustic guitar, mic-ing a keyboard and vocals. I haven't had the need to upgrade even though I probably should.

Any way, I think the Audio Technica mic you referenced should work fine for what you're wanting to do.

This and this are the best books I've found. Lots of info on eq, compression, effects, mic placement, etc.

AKG K240 (studio) phones. They are not fully noise cancelling so you can get a 'monitor' type feel with a bit of air on your natural surroundings. Great price too.

So if I get something like this, I could plug in both guitar and bass into a program like ableton and synthesize them separately?

I've got the MDR7506 and I'll never buy another pair of headphones. Great sound, very comfortable. There's a reason why every studio in the world has ten pairs of the MDR line lying around.

https://www.amazon.com/midiplus-AKM320-MIDI-Keyboard-Controller/dp/B00VHKMK64/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1473045965&sr=8-2&keywords=midi+keyboard

Been loving this... buy two?

I highly recommend this book for mixing: https://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Secrets-small-studio-Presents/dp/0240815807/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1539751292&sr=8-1&keywords=mixing+secrets+for+the+small+studio

​

The author has also compiled 345 multi-track recordings that you can use for mixing practice: http://www.cambridge-mt.com/ms-mtk.htm

​

Practice is important!

In the book "Writing Better Lyrics" (link below) it addresses how fundamental it is for a pleasant scheme. Overtly over-using "hard rhymes" is annoying to our ears and akin to listening to Dr. Seuss.

Soft rhymes (mouse/ground, note/hose, life/dice etc.) are much less obtrusive to the flow.

That said, a hard rhyme is sometimes necessary.

All goes back to preferences. I knew a drummer who felt that the end of every line should rhyme. And I know a bassist who (for a period) felt that any rhyme of any shape or form was detrimental, and that other literary devices like alliteration would be preferable. Ultimately, neither of them sang their words. The bassist has since begun singing, and thus rewriting on the spot.

http://www.amazon.ca/Writing-Better-Lyrics-Pat-Pattison/dp/1582975779

Sennheiser HD 280s. Exactly your price range, and as good as some double that price for sure.

Cheapest option would probably be to get a cheap Audio Interface like this, find a free DAW (I use ableton, they have a free version that would work for your needs but any should work), then learn enough about the DAW to add backing tracks and stuff.

There's a great book I read called, Everything You Need to Know About The Music Business. It is very, very informative.

For music I like: http://www.amazon.com/Melody-Songwriting-Techniques-Writing-Berklee/dp/063400638X

For lyrics I like: http://www.amazon.com/Writing-Better-Lyrics-Pat-Pattison/dp/1582975779/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1397613676&sr=1-1&keywords=writing+better+lyrics

If you have the foam ones, you can try not putting them in as far as you normally do so that it doesn't cut the sound quite as much.

There are also these ones made for musicians, which attenuate all frequencies by pretty much the same amount, instead of attenuating the highs more than the lows like the foam ones do.

Someone here recommended this a few weeks back and I bought it, I found it very helpful.

http://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Secrets-Small-Studio-Senior/dp/0240815807/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1417627197&sr=8-1&keywords=secrets+of+the+home+studio

I heard this was a good book for improving your mixes. I like the author's work in Sound on Sound.

http://www.amazon.com/Mixing-Secrets-small-studio-Senior/dp/0240815807

You won't have much luck finding a job, skills or not.

1. Congrats!
   
   
   
2. Read. This. Book.
   
   
   You'll be able to answer all of /u/aderra 's questions once you do.

You can get one of these new for that price. I'm not familiar with the fast track, but I think this is pretty comparable. I have a Focusrite product and really like it. I use it with both Pro Tools and Studio One 3.

Buy the book Writing Better Lyrics by Pat Pattison off Amazon. Do everything he says. I just finished it, and I found it thoroughly insightful.

https://www.amazon.com/Writing-Better-Lyrics-Pat-Pattison/dp/1582975779

All the time. We use the ES-57 on snares, toms, and guitar cabs for both recording & live use. The sound is almost identical to the Sure models. The ES-58s we just use live on stage and rehersal PAs (vocals), they can take a beating.

http://www.amazon.com/GLS-Audio-Professional-Microphone-ES-57/dp/B001W99HE8


This is also one of the best places to buy cables and connectors.

There can be A LOT of thought behind the inner structures. Pat Pattison's book may give you a lot of insight:

http://www.amazon.com/Writing-Better-Lyrics-Pat-Pattison/dp/1582975779/

There's a free online course with him somewhere, too.

Here are some links for the product in the above comment for different countries:

Amazon Smile Link: Mixing Secrets for the Small Studio


|Country|Link|
|:-----------|:------------|
|UK|amazon.co.uk|
|Spain|amazon.es|
|France|amazon.fr|
|Germany|amazon.de|
|Japan|amazon.co.jp|
|Canada|amazon.ca|
|Italy|amazon.it|
|China|amazon.cn|




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What I would get in that range:
Reaper - $60.
Focusrite 2i2, Mic, Cable and headphones bundle - $240
then either a
Blue Spark - $170
or a pair of KRK Rokit monitors - $265
or an SM 57 - $92
and a cheaper set of monitors. - $135

So,
Reaper + Bundle + Spark = $470
Reaper + Bundle + KRK Rokit = $565
Reaper + Bundle + SM57 + Other monitors = $527.

Note that you don't need to buy reaper immediately, and can buy it later if you like it or switch to a more expensive DAW if you don't like it.

My monitor recommendations are very uninformed, but they're to give an idea of price range.