(Part 2) Top products from r/ketoscience

Yes! Dr. David Perlmutter has recently been involved in research with the gut microbiome in relation to neurodegenerative disease and psychopathologies. His book is "Brainmaker: The Power of Gut Microbes to Heal and Protect Your Brain - For Life"

http://www.amazon.com/Brain-Maker-Microbes-Protect-Brain%C2%96/dp/0316380105/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1452273880&sr=8-1&keywords=Brainmaker

Anyway, he just happens to be one of the popular public heralds of this new information, but essentially, the message is that the microbial composition and diversity in the gut is responsible in large part for the production of essential hormones and neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of mood and function. The gut produces four to five times more serotonin, through the conversion of tryptophan by gut microbes, than the brain itself. Now, we all know that selective serotonin re uptake inhibitors are widely prescribed to alleviate depression symptoms, and they work by increasing the amount of circulating serotonin.

He goes on to recommend various treatments including aggressive probiotic regimens including specific microbes, probiotic enemas, and even FMT (Fecal Microbial Transplant).

In my experience, you can get the most benefit of probiotics by learning to ferment your own foods and eating fermented foods that can be purchased (unpasteurized and raw) from health-food stores. Fermented foods are a POWERFUL treatment for depression, as is a ketogenic diet (in the way it tends to suppress pathogenic bacteria through high fat intake and encourage the colonization of beneficial microbes). Broad-spectrum probiotics are very helpful as well, especially if you can summon the courage to... well... dissolve them in water in very high doses and squirt them into your rectum using an enema device. I've done it many times and felt the benefits of 1400 billion (not a typo) CFU probiotics taken by enema once daily for one week, in a huge way!

Depression is so very often linked to dysbiosis and you need to investigate this. Good luck.

Kevin Bass, Evelyn CarbSane, Mic the Vegan, maybe Christopher Gardner. I like looking at presentations for different medical professional gatherings. Most still represent a very anti keto style. Nina Teicholz has been disinvited from an event because others didn’t want to be associated with her.

Anti-Keto/Contrarian Viewpoints

• How Not to Die: Discover the Foods Scientifically Proven to Prevent and Reverse Disease by Michael Greger M.D. (2015, 2,541 reviews, 4.7 stars) - One Star Reviews - Critical Review
  
  
• The Low-Carb Fraud by T. Colin Campbell (2014, 21% reviews = 1 star)
  
  
• The China Study: The Most Comprehensive Study of Nutrition Ever Conducted And the Startling Implications for Diet, Weight Loss, And Long-term Health by Thomas Campbell (2006) - One Star Reviews
  
  
• The Longevity Diet: Discover the New Science Behind Stem Cell Activation and Regeneration to Slow Aging, Fight Disease, and Optimize Weight by Dr. Walter Longo
  
  
• Diet Cults: The Surprising Fallacy at the Core of Nutrition Fads and a Guide to Healthy Eating for the Rest of Us by Matt Fitzgerald
  
  
• The Plant-Based Solution: America's Healthy Heart Doc's Plan to Power Your Health 2018 by Joel K. Kahn MD
  
  
• The Blue Zones, Second Edition: 9 Lessons for Living Longer From the People Who've Lived the Longest by Dan Buettner
  
  
• Weight Watchers New Complete Cookbook
  
  
• In Defense of Food: An Eater's Manifesto by Michael Pollan
  
  
• What the Health on Netflix - Debunked - Robb Wolf

There is even a book on it. They are calling Alzheimers Diabetes 3.

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1603587098

I bought the book as soon as it was released since my grandfather is going through rapid cognitive decline. I have since bought 3 total copies. One for myself and one for two of my grandparents. The grandparent that doesn't need it and is is really good health is the one that has the most interest in reading it. This is a great book even for general keto knowledge and would recommend it for anyone new to or starting a keto diet.

Physiology PhD. Armando Hasudungan for the basics. Once you watch all of those videos you can move on to the Vanders books. They're slim books but comprehensive. Find them on Amazon for like $20. You can finish a book in a few weeks if you're committed. Dont worry about buying the most up to date edition...our understanding of physiology doesnt change all that much year to year.

https://www.amazon.com/dp/0071797483/ref=cm_sw_r_other_apa_i_0q81Bb7JGEMZ6

Ketotarian: The (Mostly)... https://www.amazon.com/dp/0525537171?ref=yo_pop_ma_swf
This book is amazing. I’m not vegetarian but was feeling like I wasn’t eating enough vegetables in my normal Keto Diet. It’s really sciencey in the beginning which I really like and then has lots of veggie recipes that I never would have thought of on my own.

The energy expenditure increased by a marginal amount, not a significant amount, how the marginal increase was statistically significant. Increasing significantly isn't the same as a statistically significant increase. If your n was large enough a 1 kcal increase in energy expenditure could be statisically significant.

In the researchers own words: the ketogenic diet "was associated with relatively small increases in EE that were near the limits of detection with the use of state-of-the-art technology."

This increase was a 02% increase in energy expenditure. I wouldn't consider that significant.

>but it runs counter to your claim that expenditure slows on a ketogenic diet.

My source is Krause's Food & the Nutrition Care Process 14th edition. Perhaps it's wrong but I think more studies are needed to say definitively.

I found this one pretty good.

Angela Stanton, PhD wrote Fighting the Migraine Epidemic

https://www.amazon.com/Fighting-Migraine-Epidemic-Complete-Migraines/dp/154697637X/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1523394887&sr=1-1&keywords=fighting+the+migraine+epidemic+angela+stanton


Well worth your time to read. Has helped me. In 50 years of debilitating migraines frequently daily ocular migraine nobody explained a more cogent mechanism that can be influenced relatively easily. My occurrences have been reduced to infrequent, following the protocol. Thanks to Demonocracy for posting a link to the book on the sticky.

First I think appeal to authority is the most dangerous logical fallacy. We are only as strong as the science that backs us up. I think this paper is important simply because he has a different perspective.

That being said, Gurr wrote the textbook on lipids and performed a lot of novel research in the lipid metabolism starting in the 60s. He’s not unqualified.

As to the possibility of screwing up science, I refer to my new favorite human Mr. Ionnidis.

I haven't read this book, so I can't answer your question, but if you are interested enough, here's a history of salt.

The publisher has a nice library of keto titles, which is how I was introduced to the topic initially.

I think that "Dr. Atkins Health Revolution" is one of his best. He does cite Scientific studies. The book covers a wide range of health problems and how low carb can help AND the Science behind it. Bear in mind that here has been quite a bit of Science done on low carb since this book was written.

• Know Your Fats : The Complete Primer for Understanding the Nutrition of Fats, Oils and Cholesterol ~ Mary G. Enig
  
  A good primer article:
  
  
• There is No Such Thing as a Macronutrient Part I – Fats ~ Kurt G Harris MD

I'm assuming this slide (and the discussion thereof) is your source

The presenter does state that it takes them to get back into ketosis following a Cyclic Ketogenic Diet while at a caloric deficit while doing interval training 5 days per week. So, not super applicable to the general population.

In case you're unaware, CKD includes a massive carb up over the weekend. Per Lyle McDonald (literally the guy who wrote the book on CKD), in the carb up phase,

>8-10 grams of carbohydrates per kilogram of lean body mass should be consumed during the initial 24 hours of the carb-load. This will make up 70% of the total calories consumed. During the second 24 hours, approximately 5 grams/kg should be consumed which will be approximately 60% of the total calories consumed.

For a person of 160 lbs, that works out to 725g 630g of carbohydrates the first day, and 363g 310g of carbohydrates the second day. Unless you're specifically doing CKD, it's not very likely to encounter this "in the wild" so to speak, and therefore it's difficult to make an argument for generalizing this one specific data point to an entire population.

Another critique: The goalpost he picks for being in ketosis or not is 0.3mMOL. AFAIK, there is no specific definition for being in ketosis or not. Wikipedia, for example, cites Volek and Phinney as 0.2mMOL as the cutoff point where slight/mild ketosis begins. Per that metric, the data points show the subjects reentering ketosis on Tuesday, if not Monday.

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Later on, the presenter brings up this slide (21:42). These were athletes who were not adapted to keto that were split in to two groups. The group on the left continued with their traditional resistance exercises. The group on the right were additionally required to perform intense intervals to test if it had an effect on fat metabolism. He had already stated a few moments earlier that it did.

That extra information is beside the point though, both groups easily exceed 0.3mMOL blood ketone levels on Tuesday, and I'd hazard a guess that they both had exceeded 0.2mMOL blood ketone levels on Monday.

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Finally, let's consider how much carbohydrate is able to be stored by your body (but not as fat).

Per this article,

> Glycogen storage capacity in man is approximately 15 g/kg body weight and can accommodate a gain of approximately 500 g before net lipid synthesis contributes to increasing body fat mass. When the glycogen stores are saturated, massive intakes of carbohydrate are disposed of by high carbohydrate-oxidation rates and substantial de novo lipid synthesis (150 g lipid/d using approximately 475 g CHO/d) without postabsorptive hyperglycemia.

Only about 100-120g of the ~500g is stored in the liver and is therefore available to the rest of your body. The remainder of glycogen is primarily stored in muscle tissue and other organs, which are unable to release it back into the blood stream.

Citing this biochemistry textbook (really any one should do), on this page, good ol' Wikipedia states,

> The 100 g or so of glycogen stored in the liver is depleted within one day of starvation. Thereafter the glucose that is released into the blood by the liver for general use by the body tissues, has to be synthesized from the glucogenic amino acids and a few other gluconeogenic substrates, which do not include fatty acids.

In effect, after one day of starvation, (true starvation or physiologically equivalence like keto), the liver runs out of glycogen and must start synthesizing glucose from amino acids (or other gluconeogenic precursors) via GNG.

EDIT: Minor rewording in order to flow better.

EDIT II: Corrected numbers to account for 140lbs LBM instead of total body mass.

EDIT the third: Clarified GNG process.

Secondary source because the primary sources are not free.

http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2009/01/tokelau-island-migrant-study-final-word.html
http://blog.zeroinginonhealth.com/2008/11/19/nutrition-transition/

This population's dietary history is also described by Taubes in GCBC

Only $125 to expand your knowledge of the human condition ;).

I am not sure this will give you 100% of what you are looking for, but a good start might be Bad Science by Ben Goldacre.

http://www.amazon.com/Bad-Science-Quacks-Pharma-Flacks/dp/0865479186/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1459223360&sr=8-1&keywords=bad+science

SSRIs are tricky stuff and it is outside of our scope of practice make suggestions on what is appropriate for you in concern to your medications.

That said, a healthy diet does have data to suggest it can help with mental health issues and potentially reduce your need for medications and thus the sleep preventing side effect.

Coelicac Disease and Schizophrenia have been documented to have quicker dischargement rate when cereal was removed from the diet this suggests that wheat products have potential triggering effect on mental symptoms. Consider reading Wheat Belly or Grain Brain for more on this subject.

Keto can alleviates depression via reduction of inflammation

cite 1

cite 2


Inversely high sugar diets have higher increased risk with rates of depression and mood disorders A keto diet removes sugar from the diet.

credit to /u/dem0n0cracy for posting sources

Give it a try. Read the ketoscience guide for a simple introduction on how to start:

https://www.reddit.com/r/ketoscience/wiki/guide

> The way you talk about the lipids is the way doctors talk about lipids without considering these as average numbers on a SAD diet while if you are on this reddit I would expect you know the science behind it and would understand that this is not a lipid that leads to health.

Funny because one of the references I have on my desk right now has a decidedly different take. Cholesterol (part of circulating lipids) can get oxidized in the intima of the arterial wall and that causes plaques/heart disease.

With a 56 HDL, his reverse cholesterol transport must be rather high. With the rest of his lipid numbers, I would guess his actual risk is low, but again -- it's premature to say and a CAC scan and advanced lipid panel would be more instructive.

> Let me clarify why I stated "confusion, doubt, uncertainty".

His blood sugar numbers were excellent. When a person has a 70-80 blood sugar level, who thinks the person needs to change their diet? Those are the glucose numbers of an 18 year old kid. It was prior to this person disclosing their weight.

You said his lipids were terrible. On what basis and what studies are you using to make such an extreme statement?

I stand by my comments and disagree with your supposition.

"Few people know it, but the ground provides a subtle electric signal that maintains health"

Mmh I think I'd pass on this Sinatra guy. Listened a few minutes on his talk about Cholesterol as well, and he mentions that cholesterol is necessary for making sex hormones like testosterone (and that get people's attention!)...but does not mention that vegans have the highest testosterone levels despite eating no dietary cholesterol. Seems like a doctor that just tries to sell as much of his stuff as possible, no offense (maybe even getting sponsorships as the industry involving cholesterol is humongous).

And with life expectancy, how many children would have to die young to bring the number up? According to Paleo sources, average caveman live expectancy was 25 years, so if 2/3 births ended in deaths, that would mean you get to 75 years old, almost today's standard. But that means 2/3 newborns died! We could use that logic in today's society as well. Take Swaziland, for example, lowest life expectancy in the world at around 50 years. If every other birth would end up in a death, that would mean most people lived 100 years, but that is not the case at all (1/10 at most). I'd say that if you think that 25 years life expectancy is fine, then consider if you'd like to be born in Swaziland, live their life with their life expectancy. If someone chooses that, sure for them, but simply saying "theoretically this can be misleading" is not proof enough to say it is the complete reverse. It hurts to quote this paleo source but you can ask yourself if the graph is likely, that every other child dies in infancy (the page itself is even quoting it's reference to caveman infant mortality as "sketchy"). Also not linking the mentioned studies so they can be reviewed, and knowing most patterns of life, there would not be 0 deaths between 10-40 years and again 50-60 years, as one does not get resistant to diseases just because one is older than 10.