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Active Listening (Research and Resources in Language Teaching)
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1 Reddit comment about Active Listening (Research and Resources in Language Teaching):

u/girl_in_tokyo ยท 3 pointsr/teachinginjapan

The comprehension approach is a test of short-term memory retention and doesn't actually teach learners how to listen, so practicing listening comprehension questions over and over won't help her pass the test. If that is all you do, then her performance on the test date will depend entirely on her familiarity with the topic and her ability to remember the passage word for word, which is up to chance alone and therefore is not a skill that can be taught or an ability that can be increased. If you want to increase her overall listening performance on the whole, then you need to do more than just have her listen and then answer questions.

Research has shown that an effective way to increase comprehension is to combine coginitive and metacognitive listening strategy training. That is, you need a balance of bottom-up and top-down skills training, along with strategy awareness training.

Bottom-up listening includes things like word recognition skills, phonemic awareness, and word segmentation skills. In other words, you need to train her to understand a word when she hears it, and recognize words in connected speech. One good book for that is Top-Up Listening (Abax): http://abax.co.jp/product.php?id=5&catid=6


Top-down skills means using context and real-world knowledge to interpret what you hear. Things like predicting, inferring, understanding cause and effect, and so on. Here is a link with some ideas: https://www.cambridge.org/elt/blog/2016/01/13/teaching-listening-4-teaching-top-processing/

As for metacognitive training, you basically increase her awareness of what strategy she is employing so that she can consciously chose the most effective way to approach a passage. That is, she can chose whether she needs to listen for gist, listen for detail, and be aware of things like genre and text organization can help her know where to find particular information.

As an example, when the listening task is a short lecture, she will know how lectures are organized, know to listen for sequence words that will clue her in on the organization (first, I will talk about.. next I will discuss...) and then she can focus on hearing key words and phrases in that order.

If you want more ideas for teaching listening, I highly recommend Michael Rost and JJ Wilson's book, Active Listening: https://www.amazon.com/Listening-Research-Resources-Language-Teaching/dp/1408296853

It has TONS of great ideas for how to train learners to listen better.